第二章 DomainⅡ: Institutional Review Board or Ethics Committee 领域2:伦理委员会
StandardⅡ-1:The structure and composition of the IRB or EC are appropriate to the amount and nature of the research reviewed and in accordance with requirements of applicable laws,regulations,codes*,and guidance*.
标准Ⅱ-1:机构审查委员会/伦理委员会的结构和组成应适合研究审查的工作量和性质,并符合适用的法律法规、条例*和指南*的要求。
条例(codes):AAHRPP的翻译为规范。
指南(guidance):解读同前。AAHRPP的翻译较为生涩,原文如下:机构审查委员会/伦理委员会的成员制度应允许成员适当参与有关审查下的研究类型的会议,并将此反映在机构审查委员会或伦理委员会的花名册上。机构审查委员会/伦理委员会应具有一个或多个利益不相关成员;一个或多个代表参与者一般观点的成员;一个或多个不具备科学专长的成员,一个或多个具备科学或学术专长的成员;当定期审查有弱势参与者的研究时,机构审查委员会/伦理委员会应具有一个或多个在与参与者共事方面熟练或经验丰富的成员。
(25)ElementⅡ.1.A.The IRB or EC membership permits appropriate representation at the meeting for the types of research under review,and this is reflected on the IRB or EC roster.The IRB or EC has one or more unaffiliated members;one or more members who represent the general perspective of participants;one or more members who do not have scientific expertise;one or more members who have scientific or scholarly expertise;and,when the IRB or EC reviews research that involves vulnerable participants,one or more members who are knowledgeable about or experienced in working with such participants.
细则Ⅱ.1.A.参加审查会议的IRB成员能够满足审查项目的要求,这可以反映在IRB委员清单中。IRB拥有至少一个非隶属成员;至少一个代表受试者成员;至少一个为非科学成员;至少一个为科学或学术专家;并且当研究涉及弱势群体时,至少有一个具有此相关经验的成员。
可根据这一细则撰写IRB委员、IRB组成、IRB委员的任命的管理制度和SOP。
(26)ElementⅡ.1.B.The IRB or EC has qualified leadership*(e.g.,chair and vice chair)and qualified members and staff*.Membership and composition of the IRB or EC are periodically reviewed and adjusted as appropriate.
细则Ⅱ.1.B.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会拥有具备相关资质的领导*(例如主席和副主席)以及合格的委员和工作人员*。应定期对机构审查委员会/伦理委员会的成员制度和组成进行审查,并适时调整。
相关资质的领导(qualified leadership):AAHRPP的翻译为资格。
合格的委员和工作人员(qualified members and staff):AAHRPP的翻译为合资格的成员和工作人员。可根据这一细则撰写IRB委员、IRB组成、IRB委员的任命的管理制度和SOP。
(27)ElementⅡ.1.C.The Organization has and follows written policies and procedures to separate competing business interests from ethics review functions.
细则Ⅱ.1.C.该机构制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,将具有竞争性的商业利益和伦理审查职能加以区分。
可根据这一细则撰写IRB审查范围、IRB的角色和职责的管理制度和SOP。
(28)ElementⅡ.1.D.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures so that members and consultants do not participate in the review of protocols or research plans in which they have a conflict of interest,except to provide information requested by the IRB or EC.
细则Ⅱ.1.D.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,如果IRB 委员或顾问存在有利益冲突的可能,除了要求其提供必要专业知识和信息之外,根据规定还要求他们必须回避相关研究项目的审查。
AAHRPP的翻译较为生涩,原文为:以便成员和顾问避免参与和他们有利益冲突的研究方案或计划审核,但按机构审查委员会或伦理委员会要求提供信息除外。
可根据这一细则撰写IRB委员的利益冲突、独立顾问的管理制度和SOP。
(29)ElementⅡ.1.E.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures requiring protocols or research plans to be reviewed by individuals with appropriate scientific or scholarly expertise and other expertise or knowledge as required to review the protocol or research plan.
细则Ⅱ.1.E.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,要求研究方案或计划经由具有适当科学或学术专长,或具有就审查研究而言属必要的其他专长和知识的人士进行审核*。
可根据这一细则撰写IRB委员、IRB组成、IRB委员的任命、IRB出席会议要求的管理制度和SOP。
StandardⅡ-2:The IRB or EC evaluates each research protocol or plan to ensure the protection of participants*.
标准Ⅱ-2:机构审查委员会/伦理委员会评估每项研究方案或计划,从而保障受试者*的权益。
Participants:受试者,AAHRPP原文为参与者。
(30)ElementⅡ.2.A.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for determining when activities are exempt from applicable laws and regulations,when permitted by law or regulation and exercised by the IRB or EC.Such policies and procedures indicate that exemption determinations are not to be made by Researchers or others who might have a conflict of interest regarding the studies.
细则Ⅱ.2.A.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以确定在相关法律法规允许以及机构审查委员会或伦理委员会审查认定可执行的情况下,研究活动何时豁免遵守适用的法律法规。这些工作准则和规程表明,活动是否豁免的决定不应由研究者或可能在研究方面有利益冲突的其他人士作出。
(31)ElementⅡ.2.B.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for addressing protection of participants in research that is exempt from applicable regulations.These functions may be delegated to an entity other than the IRB or EC.
细则Ⅱ.2.B.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,保护豁免于相关法律法规的参与研究的受试者。此职能可委托于机构审查委员会/伦理委员会以外的实体机构。
AAHRPP翻译为参与者。
可根据这一细则撰写CFDA豁免的SOP。
(32)ElementⅡ.2.C.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for conducting meetings by the convened IRB or EC.
细则Ⅱ.2.C.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以组织召开会议。
可根据这一细则撰写常规IRB会议审查SOP。
(33)ElementⅡ.2.D.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures to conduct reviews by the convened IRB or EC.
1.ElementⅡ.2.D.1.-Initial review*
2.ElementⅡ.2.D.2.-Continuing review*
3.ElementⅡ.2.D.3.-Review of proposed modifications to previously approved research*.
细则Ⅱ.2.D.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以组织进行审查。
1.细则Ⅱ.2.D.1-初始审查*
2.细则Ⅱ.2.D.2.-跟踪审查*
3.细则Ⅱ.2.D.3.-修正案审查*
AAHRPP的翻译为Initial Review(初步审查),Continuing review(持续审查)Review of proposed modifications to previously approved research.(审查先前批准研究的建议修改)。
“初始审查”“跟踪审查”可根据这一细则撰写初始审查、跟踪审查和修正案审查的SOP及相关表单。
初始审查:常规IRB会议、伦理审查申请表、伦理批件、IRB审查资料清单、IRB审查要点。
跟踪审查:持续审查SOP、研究进展报告、SAE或SUSAR总结表、IRB审查资料清单、IRB审查要点。修正案审查:已批准项目方案修改审查SOP等。
(34)ElementⅡ.2.E.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures to conduct reviews by the expedited procedure,if such procedure is used.
1.ElementⅡ.2.E.1.-Initial review
2.ElementⅡ.2.E.2.-Continuing review
3.ElementⅡ.2.E.3.-Review of proposed modifications to previously approved research.
AAHRPP的翻译为Initial review(初步审查),Expedited procedure(快速审查),
Continuing review(继续审查),Review of proposed modifications to previously approved research(修正案审查)。
细则Ⅱ.2.E.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,在具备(快速审查)快速程序的前提下,通过此程序进行审查。
1.细则Ⅱ.2.E.1.-初始审查
2.细则Ⅱ.2.E.2.-跟踪审查
3.细则Ⅱ.2.E.3.-审查先前批准研究的建议修改
(35)ElementⅡ.2.F.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for addressing unanticipated problems involving risks to participants or others,and for reporting these actions as appropriate.
细则Ⅱ.2.F.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,旨在解决可能对(受试者)或其他人(购成)构成风险的意外问题,并适时报告相关情况。
在AAHRPP的基础上中增加受试者,“购成”改为构成。
可根据这一细则撰写涉及受试者风险的非预期问题的SOP。
(36)ElementⅡ.2.G.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for suspending or terminating IRB or EC approval of research,if warranted,and for reporting these actions as appropriate.
细则Ⅱ.2.G.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,在有正当理由时暂停或终止对研究的批准,并且适时报告相关情况*。
遵照FDA和CFDA的相关规定,制定研究项目暂停或终止SOP。
(37)ElementⅡ.2.H.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for managing multi-site research by defining the responsibilities of participating sites that are relevant to the protection of research participants,such as reporting of unanticipated problems or interim results.
细则Ⅱ.2.H.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程管理多中心研究,明确各参与中心职责以保护受试者,例如报告非预期问题或研究中期结果。
研究参与者改为受试者,站点研究改为中心,意外问题改为非预期问题。
StandardⅡ-3:The IRB or EC approves each research protocol or plan according to criteria based on applicable laws,regulations,codes and guidance.
标准Ⅱ-3:基于适用的法律法规、条例和指南,机构审查委员会/伦理委员会对各项研究方案或计划的作出审批。
指导改为指南。
(38)ElementⅡ.3.A.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for identifying and analyzing potential sources of risk and measures to minimize risk.The analysis of risk includes a determination that the risks to participants are reasonable in relation to the potential benefits to participants and to society.
细则Ⅱ.3.A.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以识别和分析风险,并制定将相关风险降至最低程度的措施。风险分析包括判断研究对受试者构成的风险是否与为受试者本人和社会带来的潜在益处成正比。
确定改为制定,参与者改为受试者,可根据这一细则撰写生物安全委员会和风险利益评估相关制度。
(39)ElementⅡ.3.B.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for reviewing the plan for data and safety monitoring,when applicable,and determines that the data and safety monitoring plan provides adequate protection for participants.
细则ElementⅡ.3.B.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,在必要时审查数据和安全监控计划,并判断数据和安全监控计划能否为受试者提供充分保护。
(40)ElementⅡ.3.C.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures to evaluate the equitable selection of participants.
ElementⅡ.3.C.1.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures to review proposed participant recruitment methods,advertising materials,and participation payment arrangements and determines whether such arrangements are fair,accurate,and appropriate.
细则Ⅱ.3.C.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以评估潜在(受试者)参与者*的方式是否公平。
细则Ⅱ.3.C.1.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以审查潜在受试者的招募方法、广告材料和付款(安排)计划*的(方案)提案,并判断相关安排是否公正、准确和适当。
拟用参与者改为潜在受试者,付款计划的提案改为付款安排的方案。可根据这一细则提供(受试者筛选的合理性、招募广告、受试者的补偿、招募激励)。
(41)ElementⅡ.3.D.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures to evaluate the proposed arrangements for protecting the privacy interests of research participants during their involvement in the research.
细则Ⅱ.3.D.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,适时评估有关研究期间受试者隐私保护的方案。
对比:参与者改为受试者,提案改为方案。可根据这一细则提供(知情同意、弱势群体、知情同意监查计划、知情同意模板、研究者保密申明、IRB委员保密声明)。
(42)ElementⅡ.3.E.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures to evaluate proposed arrangements for maintaining the confidentiality of identifiable data,when appropriate,preliminary to the research,during the research,and after the conclusion of the research.
细则Ⅱ.3.E.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以适时评估(研究开始前、研究期间和得出研究结论后)保护可识别数据机密性的方案。
删除了研究开始前的“关于”,可根据这一细则提供数据安全监查计划,提案改为方案。
(43)ElementⅡ.3.F.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures to evaluate the consent process and the consent document and to require that the Researcher appropriately document the consent process.
细则Ⅱ.3.F.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以评估知情同意过程和知情同意文件,并要求相关研究者*适当作出记录。
同意过程改为知情同意过程和知情同意文件,研究员改为研究者,可根据这一细则制定知情同意过程监查计划。
(44)ElementⅡ.3.G.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for approving waivers or alterations of the consent process and waivers of consent documentation.
同意改为知情同意,同意文件改为知情同意文件。可根据这一细则制定知情同意豁免、知情同意书豁免、计划紧急研究中知情同意的豁免的SOP。
细则Ⅱ.3.G.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以批准知情同意*过程的豁免或修改,以及知情同意文件的豁免。
StandardⅡ-4:The IRB or EC provides additional protections for individuals who are vulnerable to coercion or undue influence and participate in research.
标准Ⅱ-4:机构审查委员会/伦理委员会为容易受*到胁迫或不当影响的受试者提供额外保护,以便于他们参与研究。
删除受不正当影响的“受”,在不当影响后增加的“受试者”。
(45)ElementⅡ.4.A.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for determining the risks to prospective participants who are vulnerable to coercion or undue influence and ensuring that additional protections are provided as required by applicable laws,regulations,codes,and guidance.
细则Ⅱ.4.A.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,以判断容易受*到胁迫或不当影响的潜在受试者的风险,并确保对他们提供适用的法律法规、条例和指南*要求的额外保护。
删除受不当影响的“受”,准参与者改为潜在受试者,指导改为指南。
(46)ElementⅡ.4.B.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures requiring appropriate protections for prospective participants who cannot give consent or whose decision-making capacity is in question.
细则Ⅱ.4.B.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,为不具备同意能力或自主决定能力不明确*的潜在受试者提供适当保护。
决定能力不足改为自主决定能力不明确,准参与者改为潜在受试者。(弱势群体受试者的保护)
(47)ElementⅡ.4.C.The IRB or EC has and follows written policies and procedures for making exceptions to consent requirements in protocols for planned emergency research and reviews such protocols according to applicable laws,regulations,codes,and guidance.
细则Ⅱ.4.C.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会制定并遵守书面的工作准则和规程,就计划的紧急研究对同意要求作出例外安排,并按适用的法律法规、条例和指南,审核此例外安排。
指导改为指南。中国临床研究方面的法规很少有关于紧急研究的指南和规定,各机构可在法律法规允许的范围内定义此类情况。
StandardⅡ-5:The IRB or EC maintains documentation of its activities.
标准Ⅱ-5:机构审查委员会/伦理委员会对(研究活动的文件)活动进行存档。
活动改为研究活动的文件。
(48)ElementⅡ.5.A.The IRB or EC maintains a complete set of materials relevant to review of the research for a period of time sufficient to comply with legal and regulatory requirements,Sponsor requirements,and organizational policies and procedures.
细则Ⅱ.5.A.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会对审核的研究方案或计划相关材料进行完整的存档,存档时限足以符合相关法律法规、申办者和机构政策与程序的要求。
时长改为时限,可根据这一细则撰写IRB文件记录、IRB研究文件夹。
(49)ElementⅡ.5.B.The IRB or EC documents discussions and decisions on research studies and activities in accordance with legal and regulatory requirements,Sponsor requirements(if any),and organizational policies and procedures.
细则Ⅱ.5.B.机构审查委员会/伦理委员会依照相关法律法规、申办者和机构政策和程序的要求,对调查研究和相关活动作出讨论和决议后进行记录。
对比:对调查研究和相关活动作出讨论和决议增加“后进行记录”,可根据这一细则撰写IRB会议纪要。