Day 2
Group 1
addition[
]n.①[U]加,加法②[C]增加的人(或物)【巧记】add v.增加→addition n.;additional a.
【搭配】in addition另外,除此之外‖in addition to除……之外(还)
【例句】In addition to an album,I gave him a pen.除了一本影集外,我还给了他一支钢笔。
additional[
]a.额外的,另外的【例句】The government is providing an additional£25 million to expand the service.政府又额外提供了2 500万英镑扩大服务范围。
afterwards[
]ad.以后,后来【巧记】-ward(s)后缀表示“朝……方向”:afterwards“(时间)向后的”;backward(s)“(空间)向后的”;inward(s)“向内的”。
【例句】Let’s go to the theatre first and eat afterwards.咱们先去看戏,然后再吃饭吧。
backward[
]a.①向后的②落后的,进步慢的ad.(常-s)①向后②朝反方向【例句】I am a slow walker,but I never walk backwards.我走得很慢,但是我从来不会后退。——林肯
inward[
]a.①内心的,精神的②里面的,向内的ad.(-s)向内【例句】No one cares my inward feelings.没人在乎我内心的感受。
background[
]n.①[C]出身背景,经历②[C](画等的)背景【巧记】back(后,背)+ground(地,底)
【例句】He has a working-class background.他是工人阶级出身。
compare[
]vt.①比较,对照②把……比作vi.相比,比得上【用法】compare后可接to或with:指“与……比较”时用with;指“把……比做……”时用to。She compares me with my sister.她把我和我妹妹进行比较。He compared his girlfriend to a rose.他把女朋友比做玫瑰。
comparative[
]a.比较的,相对的【例句】Owning a bike is a sign of comparative wealth in the past.在过去有辆自行车是比较富裕的象征。
container[
]n.[C]①容器②集装箱【巧记】contain v.容纳,包含→container n.容器
【搭配】ice cream in plastic containers装在塑料容器内的冰淇淋
data[
]n.[U]数据,资料【巧记】我们定个日期(date)交换数据(data)吧。
【例句】This data was collected from 69 countries.这一数据是从69个国家搜集而来的。
drip[
]v.滴n.[C]①滴水声②滴下的液体【巧记】形近:drop n.滴;drip v.滴
【例句】Rain was dripping down from the trees.雨水从树上滴下。
emphasis[
](pl.emphases)n.[C,U]强调,重点【例句】Some dictionaries lay special emphasis on grammar.有些词典特别强调语法。
emphasize(emphasise)[
]vt.强调,着重【例句】She emphasized the importance of healthy eating.她强调健康饮食的重要性。
phase[
]n.[C]阶段,时期vt.分阶段实行【巧记】在本阶段(phase),我只学短语(phrase)。
【搭配】phase in逐步引入(或采用)
【例句】The new textbooks will be phased in over the next several years.这些新教科书将在未来几年内分阶段采用。
phrase[
]n.[C]短语,词组,习语effect[
]n.[U,C]①结果,效果②印象,效果vt.引起,(使)发生【巧记】形近:affect v.影响;effect n.结果
【搭配】bring/carry/put into effect实行,实现,使生效‖come/go into effect实施,生效‖in effect实际上,实质上‖take effect生效,起作用‖have an effect on对……起作用,对……有影响
【例句】It was nearly an hour before the sleeping pill took effect.安眠药快过了一小时才起作用。
effective[
]a.有效的,起作用的【例句】This dialogue is hardly an effective way of expressing feelings.这段对话几乎不能有效表达感情。
efficient[
]a.效率高的,有能力的【辨析】efficient指有能力完成某事而不浪费时间,高效的:an efficient typist高效的打字员/an efficient machine性能好的机器。effective指能产生某种期待的效果或结果,有效的:effective medicines有疗效的药。
efficiency[
]n.[U]效率,效能【真题】They realize that computers bring about greater efficiency and productivity.他们意识到计算机带来了更高的效率和生产率。
failure[
]n.[U,C]①失败②故障【巧记】fail v.失败→failure n.
【例句】All my efforts ended in failure.我所有的努力都失败了。
govern[
]v.①治理,统治②支配,控制【巧记】government n.政府→govern v.治理;governor n.治理者
【例句】Education makes a people easy to lead,but difficult to drive;easy to govern but impossible to slave.教育使一个民族容易领导,但是难于驱使;容易管理,却不能奴役。
Group 2
governor[
]n.[C]州长,地方长官healthy[
]a.健康的,健壮的【例句】A healthy mind goes with a healthy body.健全的头脑要有健康的身体。
indoor[
]a.(在)室内的,(在)户内的ad.(-s)在室内,在户内【巧记】indoor室内的outdoor户外的
【搭配】an indoor swimming pool室内游泳池
injure[
]vt.伤害,损害,损伤【例句】Three people were killed and five injured in the accident.在这起事故中三人死亡,五人受伤。
invitation[
]n.①[C]邀请②[C]请柬【巧记】invite v.邀请→invitation n.
【例句】Did you get an invitation to the party?你获邀参加那次聚会了吗?
largely[
]ad.多半,主要地【巧记】large a.大的,多的→largely ad.
【例句】The team’s success was largely due to her efforts.该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。
laser[
]n.[C]激光,镭射【巧记】谐音:laser→镭射
leading[
]a.[作定语]最重要的,主要的【巧记】lead v.带领,领导→leading a.处于领导地位的;
leader n.领导人;leadership n.(-ship表示“……的地位、身份”)
【例句】He played a leading role in organizing the party.在组织这次聚会中,他起主要作用。
leadership[
]n.[U,C]领导,领导层【例句】He shows quality of leadership.他显示出领导才能。
loyal[
]a.忠诚的,忠心的【巧记】royal皇家的;loyal忠诚的
【例句】The army has remained loyal to the government.军队仍然忠于政府。
loyalty[
]n.[U]忠诚,忠心②(pl.)忠于……的强烈感情【例句】My loyalties to my family come before my loyalties to my work.与工作相比,我更在乎家人。
mask[
]n.[C]面具,面罩vt.掩饰【例句】She masked her anger with a smile.她用微笑掩饰她的怒火。
observe[
]vt.①观察,注意②奉行,遵守【巧记】服务员(server)在我们旁边服务(serve),注意(observe)我们有什么需求。
【例句】The police observed the man entering/enter the bank.警方注意到那男子进了银行。
observer[
]n.[C]评论员,观察员observation[
]n.①[U,C]观察,观测②[C]评论【例句】He was under observation by the police.他受到警方严密监视。
organ[
]n.[C]①器官②(管)风琴【搭配】the organs of speech发音器官
organize(organise)[
]vt.组织,安排【例句】I must try to organize my life a bit better.我必须设法更妥善地安排生活。
organization(organisation)[
]n.①[C]团体,机构②[U]组织工作【例句】He’s involved in the organization of a new club.他参与了新俱乐部的组织工作。
pollute[
]vt.弄脏,污染【例句】The factory pollutes the air and water.这家工厂污染了空气和水。
puzzle[
]n.[C]①谜,智力游戏②(sing.)不解之谜,疑惑vt.迷惑,使困惑【例句】The question puzzled them.这个问题把他们难住了。
refine[
]vt.①精炼,提纯②改进,改善【巧记】re-“再,又”+fine“好的”;refine(再好一些→)提纯,改进。
【例句】Car makers are constantly refining their designs.汽车工人不断提高他们的设计。
Exercise
1.His new appointment takes___from the beginning of next month.
A.place
B.effect
C.post
D.office
2.Though having lived abroad for years,many Chinese still___the traditional customs.
A.perform
B.possess
C.observe
D.support
3.Water is___from the pipe.
A.boiling
B.weeping
C.dripping
D.dropping
4.The team’s success was___due to her efforts.
A.consequently
B.recently
C.gradually
D.largely
答案:
1.B。他的新任命从下月初开始生效。take effect生效;take place发生;其他两项不能与take搭配。
2.C。尽管在国外居住了这么多年,许多中国人仍然遵循着传统的风俗习惯。observe遵守,奉行(法律、协议或习俗等);perform执行,履行;possess拥有,具有;support支持,支撑。
3.C。水从水管中滴落。drip(水等液体)滴下;boil沸腾;weep哭泣;drop特别指“意外地落下”。
4.D。该队的成功在很大程度上是由于她的努力。largely主要地;consequently因此;recently近来;gradually逐渐地。这几个选项语法上都是正确的,但只有D最符合逻辑。