1.The Nature of the People's Congress System
The people's congresses are set up through democratic elections and responsible for the people and subject to their supervision.The central brief of the people's congresses is that the people are their own masters.Under such a system the people basically control the power of the state and with a large number of Chinese people entering into the system of congress, administering state affairs and managing economic, cultural and social affairs through different channels and in different ways according to the law, the people control the country in effect.
The“two-chamber system”is a system of dividing congress into two parts, between which power is shared.Each nation has a different way of referring to such a system, such as the House of Lords (上议院)and the House of Commons (下议院)in Britain. We can see such a two-level system in the US, Japan, France, etc.
There are many reasons why the Chinese do not employ such a system.The People's Republic of China is a unitary multi-ethnic state created together by the people of all its ethnic groups.Socialist relations of equality, wholeness and supports have been established among the ethnic groups and will be stronger and stronger.Small ethnic groups have the right to run the region where they mainly live.The division of functions and powers between the central and local state organs is guided by the basic rule of giving full scope to the initiative and enthusiasm of the local governments under the unified leadership of the central government.
In addition, the state organs of the People's Republic of China stick to democratic centralism.On the basis of the people exercising state power through the people's congresses and their standing committees, the work of all administrative, judicial and procuratorial organs of the state created by the people's congresses reaches agreement.This system not only assures profitable unity of the state power, but also maintains democracy and positive working effect by bringing together the different organs of the people.
New Words and Expression
Exercise One
Directions:Decide whether the following statements are true or false.
1.People's congresses are set up according to a basic brief that people are their own masters.
2.The people control the country by people's congresses.
3.Many foreign countries employ the“two-chamber system, ”such as Britain, the US, Japan, etc.
4.The people's congress system is much more appropriate to China than the“two-chamber system.”
5.People's congresses have the right to do administrative, judicial, and procuratorial work.
Exercise Two
Directions:Answer the following questions.
1.How are people's congresses set up?
2.How do Chinese people run the country?
3.What is the congress system in Britain?
4.Why doesn't China employ the“two-chamber system”?
5.What are the state organs created by the people's congresses?