第5章 Save Resources节约资源
资源是指一国或一定地区内拥有的物力、财力、人力等各种物质要素的总称，分为自然资源和社会资源两大类。前者如阳光、空气、水、土地、森林、草原、动物、矿藏等；后者包括人力资源、信息资源以及经过劳动创造的各种物质财富。在知识经济条件下对某种资源利用的时候，必须充分利用科学技术知识来考虑利用资源的层次问题，在对不同种类的资源进行不同层次的利用的时候，又必须考虑地区配置和综合利用问题。这就是“新资源观”，它是在知识经济条件下解决资源问题的认识基础。
How to save resources
如何节约资源
A resource is any physical or virtual entity of limited availability that needs to be consumed to obtain a benefit from it. In most cases, commercial or even non-commercial factors require resource allocation through resource management. There are two types of resources; renewable and non-renewable.
The purely economic value of a resource is controlled by supply and demand. This is, however, a narrow perspective on resources as there are many things that cannot be measured in money.
Natural resources like forests, mountains etc. are considered beautiful so they have aesthetic value. Resources also have an ethical value as well, because it is widely recognized that it is our moral duty to protect and conserve them for the future generations.
Natural resources are derived from the environment. Many of them are essential for our survival while others are used for satisfying our needs. Natural resources may be further classified in different ways; on the basis of origin, resources may be divided into: Biotic resources, Abiotic resources, Potential resources, Stock, Reserved Resources and Actual resources. On the basis of renewability, natural resources can be categorized into: Renewable Resources, Non-renewable Resources and Conditionally Renewable Resources.
Human beings are also considered to be resources. The term Human Resources can also be defined as the skills, energies, talents, abilities and knowledge that are used for the production of goods or the rendering of services.
In a project management context, human resources are those employees responsible for undertaking the activities defined in the project plan.
Resources may be also split into tangible and intangible resources. Tangible resources are those resources like equipment, vehicles which have actual physical existence; whereas intangible resources are things like corporate images, brands and patents that are present but cannot be grasped or contained.
Many resources cannot be consumed in their original form. They have to be processed in order to change them into more usable commodities. This is known as resource development. With increasing population, the demand for resources has also increased. However, there is a difference in distribution of resources between regions or countries. Developed countries use more natural resources than developing countries.
随着全球范围内人口的增多，对资源的需求也在不断增加。然而，不同国家或地区之间的资源分布（resource distribution）情况各不相同。发达国家所使用的资源要多于发展中国家。
如何节约资源（save resources）？
（1）全面落实科学发展观（scientific concept of development)，坚持可持续发展（sustainable development)战略。
（2）发展循环经济（circular economy)，加快建设节约型、环境友好型社会（environment-friendly society)、促进经济的发展与人口资源环境相协调。
（3）走新型工业化道路（New Path of Industrialization)，优化产业结构（industrial structure)。
（4）转变经济发展方式（the mode of economic development)，由单纯的物质消耗转到依靠科技进步，科学管理和提高劳动者素质、提高能源的利用率。
（5）充分发挥市场的作用，同时加强宏观调控（macroeconomic control)，运用行政、经济和法律手段鼓励环保企业的发展，淘汰一批高污染高耗能的企业。
（6）加强国际间合作（international cooperation)。
（7）树立正确的消费观（consumption concept)，基本形成节约资源和保护环境的产业发展方式和消费结构。
Key words & Sentences
关键词句全知道
Promoting the use of aluminum containers in preference to others might actually conserve resources.
提倡优先使用铝容器，实际上可以节约资源。
We will make endeavors to promote a new production and consumption mode that is conducive to resources saving and environmental protection so as to build beautiful and prosperous homeland.
我们将着力推进有利于节约资源、保护环境的新的消费方式和生产结构，从而建设经济繁荣、山川秀丽的美好家园。
The relevant local administrative departments for economics and trade, and the relevant administrative departments for environmental protection shall publicize the name of the enterprise and the results of its resource conservation and pollution control and prevention in the primary local media.
相关经济贸易行政主管部门和环境保护行政主管部门应当在当地主要媒体上公布企业的名称及其节约资源、防治污染的成果。
We know that we must make prudent use of natural resources.
我们知道，必须节约使用自然资源。
In mining mineral resources, a mining enterprise or individual must economize on the use of land.
无论是矿业公司或是个人，在开采矿产资源时都应当节约用地。
We should effectively protect, rationally exploit and economize on natural resources.
我们应当切实保护、合理开发和节约使用各种自然资源。
Gratifying progress has been made in resources protection, development and conservation.
资源保护、开发和节约有了积极进展。
We must lose no time in solving the problem of water shortages in some areas and build the south-to-north water diversion project.
我们必须利用一切时间解决某些地方水资源短缺的问题并实施南水北调工程。
Water recycle is a good way to save our resources.
水循环利用是一种很好的节约资源的方法。
Disassembly is an important method of saving resource, protecting environment and containing development.
可拆卸是实现节约资源、保护环境和可持续发展的重要手段。
What I can do is saving the resources as far as possible in my daily life and publicize pro-environment.
我能做的就是在日常生活中尽可能节约资源并且宣传环保。
Producing iron-base PM parts with scrap steel powder instead of common steel powder will decrease the production cost and economize resource greatly.
以废钢粉取代普通钢粉制备铁基粉末冶金制品可以大幅度降低生产成本，节约资源。
Energy efficiency in buildings is a significant act of saving resources, protecting environment, improving living standard and realizing persistent development strategy in our country.
建筑节能是节约资源、保护环境、提高人民生活水平、实现我国可持续发展战略的重大举措。
In order to save the land resources, many enterprises have used the automated multi-layered storehouse.
为了节约土地资源，许多企业目前都采用了自动化立体仓库。
Let's Talk！
开始交流吧！
Rebecca: In recent years, the conflicts often break out between countries, world peace is very difficult to achieve.
瑞贝卡：近些年，各国间常常会爆发冲突，世界和平难以实现。
Vivian: Why?
薇薇安：为什么？
Rebecca: Some for the territory, others for religion conflicts, and still more for resource.
瑞贝卡：有的为了争夺领土，有的因为宗教冲突，更多的是为了争夺资源。
Vivian: Owing more territory means owing more resources.
薇薇安：拥有了更多的领土就意味着拥有了更多的资源。
Rebecca: Right. In the past, all countries exploited their local resources for their economic development. However, along with the rapid development of global economy, the needs for resources keep increasing rather than decrease, which force them to gain more resources.
瑞贝卡：没错。过去各国为了发展本国经济大量开发本土能源。但是随着全球经济的迅速发展，对于能源的需求量有增无减，这就使得它们急切地需要获取更多的资源。
Vivian: The oil resources in the Middle East Region and Africa have become the target for other countries to fight for.
薇薇安：中东地区以及非洲地区的石油资源就成为了各国争夺的目标。
Rebecca: Yes. Not only other countries who convet these resources, conflicts also break out among these countries themselves.
瑞贝卡：是的。不仅其他国家觊觎这些国家的能源资源，这些国家之间也常常因为资源爆发冲突。
Vivian: Japan is strategic in using other countries' resources.
薇薇安：日本在利用其他国家资源这件事情上很有战略性。
Rebecca: Tell me in details, please.
瑞贝卡：具体说说。
Vivian: Japan is a small country that is lack of resources, with its local resources couldn't meet the need of development. Therefore, Japan signed contracts with African countries to dig oil in Africa continent. This measure was even many years earlier than America.
薇薇安：日本是个资源匮乏的小国家，本土的资源不足以满足其发展的需要，因此日本就与非洲国家签署协议，在非洲大陆上开采石油。这一举措比美国还要早很多年。
Rebecca: That means most of the oil used for Japanese development come from Africa?
瑞贝卡：也就是说日本用于经济发展的石油大部分来自非洲？
Vivian: Not only from Africa, but other countries.
薇薇安：不仅来自非洲，而且还有很多其他国家。
Rebecca: But it is not sustainable development if just relies on the resource exploitation, and the world resources must be used out some time in future.
瑞贝卡：但是仅仅依靠资源的掠夺并不能实现可持续发展，世界资源总有被用完的时候。
Vivian: Absolutely right, so we have to save resources.
薇薇安：你说得很对，所以我们要节约资源。
Rebecca: How to save resources?
瑞贝卡：如何节约资源呢？
Vivian: Decrease water waste, purchase low petrol consumption cars, protect forests and forbid deforestation, etc.
薇薇安：减少水资源的浪费、购买低耗油的汽车、保护森林、禁止滥砍滥伐等。
Rebecca: What's more, we should endeavor to develop new reproducible resources.
瑞贝卡：不仅如此，还要努力开发新型的可再生资源。