快速突破中考英语1600词:记忆宝典
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B


baby [ˈbeɪbi] n.婴儿;动物幼崽  ★P34

复数形式:babies

baby panda熊猫宝宝用

it代替不指明性别的婴儿

back [bæk] n.后部,后面;背面,反面;人体的背部;椅子的靠背

adv.回(原处),向后  ★P34

at the back of在……后部(面)

lie on one's back仰卧

with one's back against the tree/wall背靠着树(墙)

 当句子有how long, for+时间段,since…时,谓语动词用be back

be back返回

come back回来

get back返回

go back回去

get sth back找回,重新获得(丢失的东西)

give sth back (to sb)=return sth (to sb/sth) (return不与back连用)归还某物,送回某物

back to back背靠背,背对背

How long have you been back from Beijing?你从北京回来多长时间了?

I have been back from Beijing for two days.我从北京回来两天了。

background [ˈbækgraʊnd] n.背景;人的社会阶层、学历、资历等  ★P34

background music背景音乐

social background社会背景

bad [bæd] adj.坏的,有害的,不利的,严重的  ★P34

bad/badly的比较级和最高级:worse, worst

be bad at sth/doing不擅长……

be bad for sb/sth对……有害

do badly in在某方面做得差

go/turn bad腐败,变质

feel bad感到愧疚或遗憾;感到有病,觉得不舒服

go from bad to worse越来越糟,每况愈下

look bad面有病容,气色不好

have a bad cold患重感冒

badly [ˈbædli] adv.坏地,拙劣地,严重地;很,非常

bad luck (on sb)(表示同情)运气不佳,不幸

not (too) bad蛮不错的,比预料的要好

too bad(表示同情)遗憾,可惜

badminton [ˈbædmɪntən] n.羽毛球运动  ★P35

play badminton打羽毛球

badminton player羽毛球运动员

bag [ˈbæg] n.书包,提包,袋子  ★P35

a bag of一包(袋)

two bags of两包(袋)

a shopping bag购物袋

a plastic bag塑料袋

balance [ˈbæləns] n.平衡;均衡 v.使保持平衡  ★P36

a sense of balance平衡感

keep/lose one's balance保持/失去平衡

keep a balanced diet保持均衡饮食

keep a balance between…and…保持……和……之间的平衡

balanced [ˈbælənst] adj.保持平衡的

ball [bɔːl] n.

balloon [bəˈluːn] n.气球

bamboo [ˌbæmˈbuː] n.竹;竹子

复数形式:bamboos

banana [bəˈnɑːnə] n.香蕉  ★P36

band [bænd] n.乐队  ★P36

a rock band摇滚乐队

bank [bæŋk] n.河岸,河堤,河畔;银行;储库  ★P36

a blood bank血库

an information bank信息库

food bank食物赈济处

baseball [ˈbeɪsbɔːl] n.棒球

play baseball打棒球(无冠词)

baseball field棒球场

basic [ˈbeɪsɪk] adj.基本的;基础的;根本的

basically [ˈbeɪsɪkli] adv.基本上;根本上

basket [ˈbɑːskɪt] n.篮;篓;筐

a shopping basket购物篮

a basket of一篮(篓,筐

put all one's eggs in/into one basket孤注一掷(将所有的钱投入一桩生意上)

basketball [ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl] n.篮球  ★P36

play basketball打篮球(无冠词)

have/hold a basketball match举行篮球比赛

basketball court篮球场

a basketball player篮球运动员

I'm in/on the school basketball team.我是学校篮球队队员。

bat [bæt] n.球拍,球棒;蝙蝠

a badminton/baseball/ping-pong bat羽毛球拍/棒球球棒/乒乓球拍

bathroom [ˈbɑːθruːm] n.浴室;洗手间

be (am, is, are) [biː] aux v.&linking v.是(原形)

过去式和过去分词:was [wəz]/were [wə], been 现在分词:being

beach [biːtʃ] n.海滨,海滩  ★P36

复数形式:beaches

beach volleyball沙滩排球

bean [biːn] n.豆子

bear [beə] n.

beat [biːt] v.敲打;(心)跳动;打赢 n.(音乐)节拍  ★P37

过去式和过去分词:beat, beaten [ˈbiːtn]

beat against sb/sth(指雨、日、风、海浪等)袭击某人或物

beat sb at chess下棋打败某人

beat the drums打鼓

fail (in) English英语不及格

fail (in) test考试不及格

knock at/on a door敲门

win first place/prize赢得第一名(一等奖)

beat(连续或有节奏地)打;knock敲(门、窗);hit(一次性)打,撞

My heart beats fast.我的心跳得快。

Be careful, or you may be hit by a car.小心,否则你可能会被车撞着。

beautiful [ˈbjʊːtɪfl] adj.美丽的,美好的  ★P37

比较级和最高级:more beautiful, the most beautiful

more and more beautiful越来越美

beauty spot风景区,名胜

beautifully [ˈbjʊːtɪfli] adv.美好地,美妙地

beauty [ˈbjʊːti] n. [U]美,美丽;[C]美人,美好的东西

because [bɪˈkɒz] conj.因为  ★P37

—Why…? —为什么……?

—Because… —因为……

because不与so连用。

because conj.后跟句子;because of prep.后跟名词、代词、动名词

become [bɪˈkʌm] linking v.变得;成为  ★P38

过去式和过去分词:became, become

become用作系动词,后跟名词、形容词作表语。

become用于现在进行时,强调一种渐进的过程,翻译为“开始

变得;慢慢变得”。

bed [bed] n.床  ★P38

be in bed在睡觉

be ill in bed卧病在床

get/jump out of bed起床

go to bed去睡,就寝

bed and board膳宿

stay in bed卧床不起

bed and breakfast(旅馆的)夜宿兼次日早餐

make the/one's bed铺床

early to bed and early to rise (makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise)早睡早起(使人富足、聪明、身体好)

It's time for bed.=It's time to go to bed.该睡觉了。

bedroom [ˈbedruːm] n.卧室

beef [biːf] n.牛肉  ★P38

before [bɪˈfɔː] prep.&conj.在……以前 adv.以前  ★P38

连词引导时间状语从句。当主句是一般将来时、祈使句或者含有情态动词时,时间状语从句需用一般现在时(可总结为:主将从现、主祈从现、主情从现)

before所在的主句可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时

before long=soon不久;很快

before it's too late以免为时已晚

I would die before I would steal.我宁愿死也不愿去偷。

begin [bɪˈgɪn] v.开始;着手  ★P39

过去式和过去分词:began [bɪˈɡæn], begun [bɪˈɡʌn]

现在分词:beginning [bɪˈgɪnɪŋ]

 当句子有how long, for+时间段,或者since…时,谓语动词不能用begin,需改为lastbe on

at the beginning of在……开始的时候

begin with sth以……开始

begin doing/to do开始做某事

from beginning to end自始至终

in the beginning=at first起初;起先

beginning [bɪˈɡɪnɪŋ] n.开头;开端

beginner [bɪˈɡɪnə] n.新手;初学者

A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。

start有“出发;发动(机器)”之意,begin无此意

The film has lasted/has been on for half an hour.电影已经放映了半小时。

behave [bɪˈheɪv] v.表现;表现得体;有礼貌  ★P40

behave oneself表现得体

badly-/well-behaved表现得差/好

behaviour/behavior [bɪˈheɪvjə(r)] n.行为;举止

behind [bɪˈhaɪnd] prep.(表示位置)在……后面;支持,赞成  ★P40

from behind the door/cloud从门或云后面

close the door behind/after sb随手关上门

[反]in front of在……前面

fall behind (sb/sth)落后;落在……的后面

leave sb/sth behind忘记带某人或物,留下某人或物;把……抛在后面,超过

参考after

Beijing Opera [ˌbeɪˈdʒɪŋ ˈɒprə] (Peking Opera[ˈpi:ˈkiŋ ˈɒprə]) n.京剧

Beijing roast duck [ˌbeɪˈdʒɪŋ rəʊst dʌk] n.北京烤鸭

believe [bɪˈliːv] v.相信,认为  ★P40

I don't believe that…(否定前移)我相信……不

I don't believe that he can swim, can he?(疑问句部分与宾语从句主谓一致)我认为他不会游泳,是吗?

It is believed that…人们认为……

You wouldn't believe…=You would never believe…=You would hardly believe…你无法想象……

believe in yourself相信你自己

I believe so.我想是这样的。

I believe not.=I don't believe so.我想不是这样的。

I believe it+adj./n. (for sb) to do我认为做某事……

believable [bɪˈliːvəbl] adj.可信的

unbelievable [ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl] adj.难以置信的

believe in sb信赖某人;信任某人

believe in sth/doing认为某事好(对、可接受)

believe it or not信不信由你

Believe me.我向你保证。

I don't believe it!(表示吃惊或恼怒)我简直无法想象!

not believe one's ears/eyes不相信自己的耳朵或眼睛;对所闻或所见非常吃惊

Seeing is believing.眼见为实。/百闻不如一见。

bell [bel] n.铃,钟

ring/sound a bell按铃或摇铃/敲钟

answer the bell应门铃开门

There is/goes the bell.铃响了。

belong [bɪˈlɒŋ] v.应在(某处);适应,合得来  ★P40

belong to sb属于某人;归某人所有

belong to sth是……的成员;属于……

 belong to不用于进行时和被动语态:belong to sb中的sb必须用宾格

below [bɪˈləʊ] prep.在……下面  ★P41

two degrees below zero零下2

below the sea level在海平面以下

belt [belt] n.皮带,腰带

The Belt and Road=One Belt and One Road一带一路

seat/safety belt安全带

benefit [ˈbenɪfit] n.益处 v.有益于  ★P41

benefit sb有益于某人

benefit from sth得益于某事

for sb's benefit=for the benefit of sb为了某人的利益

beside [bɪˈsaɪd] prep.在……旁边  ★P42

做题方法点拨

句子中有all, every, every-, no, no-, none等词,选except;否则选besides

best [best] adj.&adv.最好 n.(人或事物所能达到的)最高标准  ★P42

good/well的比较级和最高级:better, best

do one's best to do=try one's best to do=try to do尽力做某事

better [ˈbetə] adj.&adv.更好的(地)  ★P42

between [bɪˈtwiːn] prep.在(两者)之间  ★P42

between…and…在……和……(两者)之间

between the/these two…在这两个……之间

between you and me=between ourselves合用,共享,只限于你我之间

I can't tell the differences between…and…我不能区分……和……之间的不同

参考among

big [bɪɡ] adj.大的  ★P43

比较级和最高级:bigger [ˈbɪgə], biggest [bɪgɪst]

The population of China is big/large.中国人口多。

bike [baɪk] n.自行车  ★P43

ride a bike=on a/one's bike=by bike骑自行车

bicycle [ˈbaɪsɪkl] n.自行车

bill [bɪl] n.账单;法案,议案;(美)钞票,纸币  ★P43

pay the bill付账,埋单

May I have the bill?能把账单给我吗?

bin [bɪn] n.垃圾箱

biology [baɪˈɒlədʒi] n.生物学

bird [bəːd] n.鸟  ★P43

an early bird早到、早起等的人

The early bird catches the worm.早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/捷足先登。

kill two birds with one stone一石二鸟;一箭双雕;一举两得

birth [bɜːθ] n.出生;诞生

at birth出生时

from birth从一出生

by birth在血统上;天生,生来

give birth (to sb/sth)生孩子;产崽

birthday [ˈbɜːθdeɪ] n.生日  ★P43

celebrate one's birthday庆祝某人的生日

have/hold a birthday party举行生日聚会

happy birthday to sb祝某人生日快乐

on one's birthday在某人生日那天

biscuit [ˈbɪskɪt] n.饼干(美语cookie[ˈkuki])  ★P44

bit [bɪt] n.一点,一些,少量的  ★P44

a bit=a little bit=a little稍微;有一点儿

bit by bit一点一点地;逐渐地

black [blæk] n.黑色 adj.黑色的  ★P44

—What color…? —……什么颜色?

—It's black. —它是黑色的。

black coffee不加牛奶(或奶油和糖)的咖啡

black tea红茶

in black穿着黑色衣服

the Blacks(+谓语复数形式)布莱克夫妇;布莱克一家人

black and white(指电视、照片等)黑白

(beat sb) black and blue(把某人打得)遍体鳞伤;青一块紫一块

black sheep害群之马

blackboard [ˈblækbɔːd] n.黑板  ★P44

bleed [bliːd] v.流血,失血

过去式和过去分词:bled, bled

nosebleed [ˈnəʊzbliːd] n.鼻出血

blind [blaɪnd] adj.瞎的  ★P44

the blind(+谓语复数形式)盲人

be blind in the right eye右眼瞎

be blind to sth对某事视而不见;不以为然

turn a blind eye (to sth)假装看不见

block [blɒk] n.(木、石、金属等的)大块;积木;(四面临街的)建筑群,街区 vt.阻碍;堵塞

a set of blocks一套积木

a block of ice=ice block冰块

a block of wood木块

block one's way挡住某人的路

My school is two blocks away from my home.我的学校离我家两个街区远。

Blocked!(路标)此路不通!

blood [blʌd] n.血,血液

blood bank血库

in cold blood残忍地;冷酷地

make one's blood boil使某人非常生气

make one's blood freeze/freeze one's blood使充满害怕、恐怖的感觉

Blood is thicker than water.血浓于水。

blouse [blaʊz] n.女衬衫

blow [bləʊ] v.吹;刮风;吹气 n.(用拳头、武器等)击;打击  ★P44

过去式和过去分词:blew [bluː], blown [bləʊn]

blow (sth) away吹走;刮走

blow (sth) down吹到;刮到

blow (sth) o ff吹掉

blow (sth) out吹灭

blow (sth) up炸毁;给(某物)充气

blow (sb) a kiss送(某人)飞吻

blow one's nose擤鼻涕

at a/one blow一击;一举;一下子

The wind/It is blowing hard/heavily.刮大风了。

blue [bluː] n.蓝色 adj.蓝色的;悲伤的;沮丧的;忧郁的  ★P44

light blue浅蓝色

dark/deep blue深蓝色

in blue穿蓝色衣服

look blue看上去沮丧的(忧郁的)

be blue in the face脸色发青(如因寒冷或用力过度所致)

board [bɔːd] n.木板;布告牌;(象棋)棋盘;委员会;(政府的)部

chess board棋盘

boarding school寄宿学校

on board在公共汽车(火车、船、飞机等)上

boat [bəʊt] n.小船  ★P45

go boating去划船

by boat=in a boat划船

The Dragon Boat Festival端午节

be in the same boat处于同样(多为不幸的)境地

burn one's boats/bridges破釜沉舟

miss the boat/bus错过机会

body [ˈbɒdi] n.身体

body clock(人体的)生物钟

body language肢体语言

boil [bɔɪl] v.(使)沸腾,烧开  ★P45

boiling water正在沸腾的水

boiled water凉白开

boil an egg煮鸡蛋

a boiled egg煮熟了的鸡蛋

Water will boil at 100℃.水在100摄氏度时会沸腾。

book [buk] n.书;(装订成书本形状的)本子,簿 vt.预订,订(房间、车票等)  ★P45

read a book读书;看书

book a hotel room/seat/table/ticket预订宾馆房间/座位/餐位/票

bookshelf [ˈbʊkʃelf] n.书架

bookshop [ˈbʊkʃɒp], bookstore [ˈbʊkstɔː] n.书店

book in=check in在旅馆、机场等处登记

bored [bɔːd] adj.感到单调的(乏味的;无聊的)  ★P46

be bored to death/tears感到极度厌烦/无聊

boring [ˈbɔːrɪŋ] adj.令人厌烦的;没趣的  ★P46

born [bɔːn] v.(仅用于be born)出生 adj.天生(有某方面才能)的  ★P46

be born(be多用作过去式was, were)出生

be born+n./adj./to do生来……

be born with the ability to do天生具有某种能力

be born into/to sth出生于某种境况(家庭等)

be born with a silver spoon in one's mouth生于富贵之家

The girl was born lucky/unlucky.那个女孩生来命好(苦)。

The girl was born (to be) a singer.那个女孩天生(注定)是个歌唱家。

borrow [ˈbɒrəʊ] vt.(从别人)借用;借  ★P46

borrow sth from sb/sth从某人或某地借某物

lend sb sth=lend sth to sb把某物借给某人

return sth to sb=give sth back to sb把某物归还给某人

—How long can I keep this book?这本书我可以借多久?

—You can keep this book for two weeks.这本书你可以借两周。

boss [bɒs] n.领班;老板

both [bəʊθ] pron.(两者)都  ★P47

参考all

both…and…既……又……;……和……都

either…or…或者……或者……;要么……要么……

neither…nor…既不……也不……;……和……都不

not…but…不是……而是……

not only…but (also)…不但……而且……

bottle [ˈbɒtl] n.瓶子  ★P47

a bottle of一瓶

two bottles of两瓶

bottom [ˈbɒtəm] n.底部;底  ★P47

Bottoms up!/Cheers!干杯!

from the bottom of one's heart衷心地

from top to bottom从上到下;全部地

bowl [bəʊl] n.碗  ★P48

a bowl of一碗

two bowls of两碗

box [bɒks] n.盒子,箱子  ★P48

复数形式:boxes [ˈbɒksɪz]

the box(口语)电视

a box of一盒

two boxes of两盒

What's on the box tonight?今晚电视上有什么节目?

boy [bɔɪ] n.男孩  ★P48

brain [breɪn] n.脑(子)  ★P48

brave [breɪv] adj.勇敢的  ★P48

It is brave of sb to do.某人做某事真勇敢。

bravely [ˈbreɪvli] adv.勇敢地

bravery [ˈbreɪvəri] n.勇敢,勇气

bread [bred] n.面包  ★P48

bread为不可数名词

a piece of bread一片(块)面包

two pieces of bread两片(块)面包

bread and water简单的饮食

one's daily bread每日的粮食;生计

bread and butter抹黄油的面包片

make one's bread谋生

break [breɪk] n.休息;中断 v.打破(断,碎);损坏,撕开  ★P49

过去式和过去分词:broke [brəʊk], broken [ˈbrəʊkən]

take/have a break(幕间、课间等的)休息

break the law/rules违反法律/规则

break one's promise/word违背诺言/自己所说的话

break sth in half把某物断成两部分

break sth into pieces把某物弄成碎片

break a record打破纪录

break down(因机械、电力等故障)停止运转,失灵,失效

break o ff停止讲话

break sth o ff突然中止;中断

break out(不用于被动语态)(指激烈的事情,如火灾、疾病、地震等)突然发生,爆发

break one's/sb's heart使自己或某人很伤心

My computer doesn't work.=My computer is broken.=There is something wrong with my computer.我的电脑坏了。

breakfast [ˈbrekfəst] n.早餐  ★P50

at breakfast早餐时

eat/have/take breakfast吃早餐

have a light/big breakfast吃量少(多)的早餐

三餐前冠词的用法

三餐前通常不加冠词。但是,当三餐前有形容词或表示特指时,需加冠词

—What would you like for breakfast? —你早餐吃什么?

—I have sth for breakfast. —我早餐吃……

Don't go to school without breakfast.不要不吃早餐去上学。

breath [breθ] n.呼吸的空气  ★P50

be short of breath呼吸困难

breathe [briːð] v.呼吸

breathe in/out吸气/呼气

breathe (sth) in/out吸入/呼出(气体)

a breath of fresh air令人耳目一新的事物

catch one's breath; get one's breath (again/back)屏住呼吸

hold one's breath闭气,憋气

out of breath喘不上气

bridge [brɪdʒ] n.桥  ★P50

cross/go across a bridge过桥

There is a bridge across/over the river.河上有座桥。

bright [braɪt] adj.明亮的;聪明的  ★P50

a bright idea巧主意

a bight future光明的未来

bright强调“聪明伶俐”,多用于小孩或年轻人

clever强调“接受力强”,应用广泛

wise强调“学识渊博、经验丰富、有远见、有智慧”

bring [brɪŋ] vt.拿来,带来,取来  ★P51

过去式和过去分词:brought, brought [brɔːt]

bring sb sth=bring sth for/to sb给某人拿来某物

bring sth back回想起某事物

bring sth out说明,阐明;使某人的品质显现

bring sth down降低,减少;使(飞机)着陆;击倒

bring sb up养育、培养或教育某人

bring拿来;带来 take拿走;带走(从说话人所在地带到它地)

fetch=go and bring去取回,因此fetch不与go连用。具有“往返”的双向性

get具有bring, fetch两个词的意义

carry携带,搬运,含有“很重”之意,不具有方向性

Britain [ˈbrɪtn] n.英国;不列颠

British [ˈbrɪtɪʃ] adj.英国的;大不列颠的

British English (BrE)英式英语

brother [ˈbrʌðə] n.兄;弟  ★P51

elder brother哥哥

little/younger brother弟弟

My elder brother is two years older than me.我的哥哥比我大两岁。

brown [braʊn] n.褐色;棕色 adj.褐色的;棕色的  ★P51

in brown穿棕色衣服

the Browns(+谓语复数形式)布朗夫妇;布朗一家人

brush [brʌʃ] v.刷;擦 n.刷子;毛笔;画笔  ★P52

brush one's teeth刷牙

budget [ˈbʌdʒɪt] n.预算

over/within budget超过/没超过预算

on a limited/tight budget预算有限/紧张

build [bɪld] vt.建筑;造 n.体型;体格;身材  ★P52

过去式和过去分词:built, built [bɪlt]

build sb/oneself up增强某人的体质;使更加强壮

Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的。

He is of medium build.=He is a man of medium build.他是个中等身材的人。

building [ˈbɪldɪŋ] n.建筑物;房屋;大楼  ★P52

bully [ˈbʊli] v.恐吓,胁迫 n.仗势欺人者,横行霸道者

bully sb into sth/doing恐吓/胁迫某人做某事

the school bully恶霸学生

burn [bɜːn] v.燃,烧,着火;使烧焦;使晒黑  ★P52

过去式和过去分词:burned [bɜːnd]/burnt [bɜːnt], burned/burnt

burn sth to the ground把某物彻底烧毁

burn sth down把某物焚成平地,烧得精光

burn sth o ff烧掉某物

burn the candle at both ends过度劳累;起早贪黑而疲惫不堪

bus [bʌs] n.公共汽车  ★P53

复数形式:buses [ˈbʌsɪz]

catch/drive/miss/take a bus赶上(开,错过,坐)公共汽车

by bus=on/in a bus坐公共汽车(注意冠词用法)

get on a bus上公共汽车

get off a bus下公共汽车

Can I take a bus there?我可以坐公共汽车去那儿吗?

Which bus can I take?我可以坐哪路公共汽车?

business [ˈbɪznəs] n.工作;职业;职责;生意,交易;事业  ★P53

be none of sb's business不关某人的事

business hours营业时间;办公时间

business is business公事公办

on business因公出差

mind one's own business注意自己的事;少管闲事

busy [ˈbɪzi] adj.忙(碌)的  ★P53

比较级和最高级:busier [ˈbɪsɪə], busiest [ˈbɪzɪɪst]

be busy with sth忙于某事

be busy (in) doing忙于做(某事)

(as) busy as a bee忙个不停(并以此为乐);乐此不疲

The (telephone) line is busy.电话占线。

but [bət] conj.但是,可是 prep.除了;除了……之外  ★P53

not…but…不是……而是……

not only…but (also)…(连接两个主语时,谓语就近一致)不但……而且……

last but not least(提及最后的人或事物时说)最后但同样重要的

butter [ˈbʌtə] n.黄油;奶油

butter fly [ˈbʌtəflaɪ] n.蝴蝶  ★P54

have butter flies in one's stomach(做某事前)心慌,紧张

buy [baɪ] vt.买  ★P54

过去式和过去分词:bought, bought [bɔːt]

buy sb sth=buy sth for sb给某人买某物

 当句子有how long, for+时间段,since…时,buy需换成have

—How long have you had this car?你买这辆车多长时间了?

—I have had this car for five years.我买这辆车5年了。

by [baɪ] prep.(词义详见下面讲解)  ★P55

(all) by oneself=alone=on one's own单独,独自;独立地

by mistake错误地;无意中

by hand手工

by accident偶然;意外地