1.2.5　桥梁下部结构

桥墩　bridge pier

柔性墩　flexible pier

制动墩　braking pier

单向推力墩　one-way anti-thrust pier，single direction thrusted pier

墩帽　pier cap

墩身　pier shaft，pier body

桥台　bridge abutment

重力式桥台　gravity type abutment

U形桥台　U-abutment

八字形桥台　abutment with flare wing wall

埋置式桥台　embedded abutment，buried abutment

翼墙　wing wall

前墙　front wall，breast wall　又称“胸墙”

侧墙　side wall　又称“边墙”

耳墙　cantileverd wing wall

扶壁式桥台　abutment with counterfort，buttressed abutment

轻型桥台　light abutment

台帽　abutment cap

台身　body of abutment

承台　platform

盖梁　bent cap　又称“帽梁”

锚墩　anchor pier

辅助墩　auxiliary pier

低承台桩基　embedded footing on piles，low capped pile foundation　又称“低桩承台”

高承台桩基　elevated footing on piles，high capped pile foundation　又称“高桩承台”

基坑　foundation pit

围堰　cofferdam

沉井　open caisson

刃脚　cutting edge