第14章 子路第十三
13-1
子路问政。子曰：“先之劳之。”请益。曰：“无倦。”
A disciple of Confucius enquired how to conduct the government of a country.
Confucius answered! “Go before the people with your example; show them your exertion.” The disciple asked for something more. “Be indefatigable in that!” replied Confucius.
【白话译文】
孔子的一位学生（子路）问如何才能管理好国家政务。孔子说：“给老百姓以身作则，通过匡正自己的行为给老百姓看。”这位学生（子路）要求孔子再多讲一些。孔子说：“做事不要懈怠。”
13-2
仲弓为季氏宰，问政。子曰：“先有司，赦小过，举贤才。”曰：“焉知贤才而举之？”曰：“举尔所知。尔所不知，人其舍诸？”
Another disciple, who was in the service of a powerful noble in Confucius'native State, enquired how to conduct the government of the country.
Confucius answered! “Leave the initiative in the details of government to the responsible heads of the departments. Overlook small shortcomings; and advance men of ability and worth.”
“But!” answered the disciple! “how am I to know who are men of ability and worth?”
“Advance those!” replied Confucius! “whom you already know there is then to fear that those whom you do not know will be neglected.”
【白话译文】
孔子的另一位学生（仲弓，即冉雍）在孔子祖国（鲁国）的掌权贵族（季氏）家当差，他向孔子请教如何管理国家政务。
孔子回答：“先责成手下负责具体事务的官吏，让他们各自做好自己分内的事情；不要在意他们的小过错，选拔有能力、有价值的人任职。”
“但是，”学生（仲弓）又问，“我怎么才知道谁是贤才，谁有价值呢？”
孔子说：“提拔那些你所了解的人，至于那些你不了解的贤才，难道他们会被别人埋没吗？”
13-3
子路曰：“卫君待子而为政，子将奚先？”子曰：“必也正名乎！”子路曰：“有是哉，子之迂也！奚其正？”子曰：“野哉，由也！君子于其所不知，盖阙如也。名不正则言不顺，言不顺则事不成，事不成则礼乐不兴，礼乐不兴则刑罚不中，刑罚不中则民无所措手足。故君子名之必可言也，言之必可行也。君子于其言，无所苟*而已矣。”
A disciple, the intrepid Chung Yu, said to Confucius on one occasion when the reigning prince of a certain State was negotiating for Confucius to enter his service: “The prince is waiting, sir, to entrust the government of the country to you. Now what do you consider the first thing to be done?”
“If I must begin!” answered Confucius! “I would begin by defining the name of things.”
“Oh! Really!” replied the disciple! — “but you are too impractical. What has definition of name to do here?”
“Sir!” replied Confucius! “you have really no manners. A gentleman, when he hears anything he does not understand, will always wait for an explanation.”
"Now, if names of things are not properly defined, words will not correspond to facts.When words do not correspond to facts, it is impossible to perfect anything.Where it is impossible to perfect anything, the arts and institutions of civilisation cannot flourish.When the arts and institutions of civilisation cannot flourish, law and justice cannot attain their ends; and when law and justice do not attain their ends, the people will be at a loss to know what to do.
“Therefore a wise and good man can always specify whatever he names; whatever he can specify, he can carry out. A wise and good man makes it a point always to be exact*in the words he uses.”
[Literally “not careless!” Confucius here points out, as a characteristic of his time, what the Revd. Mr.Smith in his Chinese Characteristics has lately very cleverly pointed out as a characteristic of the Chinese of the present day, namely “a want of exactness!” which, wherever and whenever it exists makes it impossible for the arts of civilization to flourish. But “the want of exactness” in the use of words, we fancy, is not entirely confined to China now.See note 28，chapter VI, section 23（p.113）.]
【白话译文】
有一次，当一个诸侯（卫国）在位的国君（卫出公）和孔子商讨从政的事情时，孔子的学生、勇猛的仲由（子路）对孔子说：“先生，（卫国）国君正等着想把国家政事托付给您。现在，您认为要做的第一件事是什么？”
“如果我必须开始，”孔子说，“我会首先定义事物的名称。”
“哦！确实应该这样，”子路说，“但是这太不切实际了。给事物定义名称有什么用？”
孔子回答：“你真是不懂礼貌。当一个绅士听到自己不理解的事情时，通常会等待解释。如果事物的定义不准确，用词与事实就会不符，就不可能做到完美。如果不能做到完美，礼教和文明就不能蓬勃发展。如果礼教和文明不够发达，法律和司法就不会达到效果。如果法律和司法不能达到效果，民众就不知道该怎么做。因此，聪明而高尚的人总能明确说出所讲事物的名称；只要说出来，就一定能做到。聪明而高尚的人总能在他使用的词语上一语中的。”
（从字面看，孔子在这里提出的“无所苟”这个词，是按照他那个时代的文字特征提出来的，最近，史密斯先生在《中国文字的特征》中非常明确地按照现代汉语的方式做出了解释，即“缺乏准确性”。无论何时何地，这个词都不可能让艺术文明蓬勃发展。但是，如果使用“缺乏准确性”，我们猜想，也不完全符合现在中文的使用习惯。见第六章第二十三节。）
13-4
樊迟请学稼。子曰：“吾不如老农。”请学为圃。曰：“吾不如老圃。”樊迟出。子曰：“小人哉，樊须也！上好礼，则民莫敢不敬；上好义，则民莫敢不服；上好信，则民莫敢不用情。夫如是，则四方之民襁负其子而至矣，焉用稼？”
A disciple of Confucius requested to be taught farming.
Confucius answered! “For that I am not as good as an old farmer.”
The disciple then asked to be taught gardening. “For that!” replied Confucius! “I am not as good as an old gardener.”
After the disciple had left, Confucius remarked! “What a petty-minded man he is!”
“When the rulers of a country!” he then went on to say! “encourage education and good manners, the people will never fail in respect! When the rulers encourage the love of justice, the people will never fail in obedience; when the rulers encourage good faith, the people will never fail in honesty. In such case, people from all quarters will flock to that country: —what need then has a ruler to know about husbandry?”
【白话译文】
孔子的一位学生（樊迟）向孔子请教如何种庄稼。孔子回答：“论种地，我不如老农。”
这位学生（樊迟）又请教如何种菜。孔子回答：“论种菜，我不如老菜农。”
这位学生（樊迟）离开后，孔子说：“他可真是个小家子气的人！如果国家的统治者提倡以礼待人，那么百姓绝不敢不敬畏。如果统治者重视仁义，那么百姓绝不敢不服从；如果统治者重视诚信待人，那么百姓绝不敢不用真心来对待你。如果能做到这些，四面八方的百姓就会背着孩子前来投奔，哪里用得着统治者亲自去种庄稼呢？”
13-5
子曰：“诵《诗》三百，授之以政，不达；使于四方，不能专对。虽多，亦奚以为？”
Confucius remarked! “A man who can recite three hundred pieces of poetry by heart, but who, when the conduct of the affairs of a nation is entrusted to him, can do nothing, and who, when sent on a public mission to a foreign country, has nothing to say for himself! —although such a man has much learning, of what use is it?”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“有的人可以把《诗》三百首背得滚瓜烂熟，但是让他处理国家政务却一事无成，让他当外交使节却不能独立交涉。那么，即使背诵那么多诗，又有什么用呢？”
13-6
子曰：“其身正，不令而行；其身不正，虽令不从。”
Confucius remarked! “If a man is in order in his personal conduct, he will get served even without taking the trouble to give orders. But if a man is not in order in his personal conduct, he may give orders, but his orders will not be obeyed.”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“如果一个人的个人行为能做到恰如其分，即使他没有发布命令，别人也会愿意服从。如果一个人的个人行为不合乎礼仪道德，就算发出命令，别人也不会服从。”
13-7
子曰：“鲁卫之政，兄弟也。”
Confucius remarked of the state of government of his own State and that of another State in his time: “The one is about the same as the other.”
【白话译文】
孔子评价自己祖国（鲁国）和另一个国家（卫国）的政府状态时说：“一个国家（鲁）和另一个国家（卫）的政事，就如同兄弟之间一样。”
13-8
子谓卫公子荆：“善居室。始有，曰：‘苟合矣。’少有，曰：‘苟完矣。’富有，曰：‘苟美矣。’”
Confucius remarked of a public character of the time that he was admirable in the way in which he ordered the economy of his home. Confucius said: “When he had saved something from his income, he would remark! 'I have just made ends meet.'Later on, when he had increased his saving, he would remark! 'I have just managed to pay for all I require.'Finally, when he had saved a large surplus, he would remark! 'Now I can just manage to get along pretty well.'”
【白话译文】
孔子评价当时一位他认为理财有方的公众人物（公子荆[94]）说：“当他起初有点儿积蓄的时候，他会说：‘我只是收支平衡而已。’当钱稍微多一些的时候，他会说：‘我只是刚好能支付我想要买的东西。’当积累了更多钱的时候，他会说：‘现在我只是过得比较好罢了。’”
13-9
子适卫，冉有仆。子曰：“庶矣哉！”冉有曰：“既庶矣，又何加焉？”曰：“富之。”曰：“既富矣，又何加焉？”曰：“教之。”
When Confucius on his travels was on one occasion entering a certain State in company with a disciple who was driving the carriage for him, he remarked! “What a large population is here!”
“With such a large population!” asked the disciple! “what should be done?” “Enrich them!” answered Confucius. “And after that?” asked the disciple. “Educate them!” replied Confucius.
【白话译文】
孔子周游列国时，有一次一位学生（冉有）驾车进入某个诸侯国（卫国）。孔子说：“这里的人真多啊！”
这位学生（冉有）说：“既然有这么多人了，还应该再做些什么呢？”孔子说：“让他们富起来。”学生（冉有）问：“富裕之后再做什么呢？”孔子说：“让他们接受教育。”
13-10
子曰：“苟有用我者，期月而已可也，三年有成。”
Confucius on one occasion remarked! “If I were given the conduct of the government of a country now, in one year I should have accomplished something; after three years, I should have put everything in order.”
【白话译文】
有一次，孔子说：“如果有人现在让我去管理一个国家的政务，一年内我会做出一些政绩来，三年之后一切都会变得井然有序。”
13-11
子曰：“‘善人为邦百年，亦可以胜残去杀矣。’诚哉是言也！”
Confucius went on to remark! “It is a common saying that if good honest men had the rule of a country for a hundred years, they could make deeds of violence impossible and could thus dispense with capital punishment. It is a very true saying!”
【白话译文】
孔子继续说：“有句俗话说，让诚实而高尚的人管理国家一百年时间，就可以消除暴力，废除酷刑和杀戮了。这话说得非常正确啊！”
13-12
子曰：“如有王者，必世而后仁。”
Confucius finally remarked! “If a really God-sent great man were to become Emperor now, it would still take a generation before the people could be moral.”
【白话译文】
孔子最后说：“如果现在真有上帝派来的伟人成为帝王，至少也需要一代人的时间，民众才会变得品德高尚。”
13-13
子曰：“苟正其身矣，于从政乎何有？不能正其身，如正人何？”
Confucius remarked! “If a man has really put his personal conduct in order, what is there in the government of a country that he should find any difficulty in it? But if a man has not put his personal conduct in order, how can he put in order the people of a country?”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“如果一个人端正了自己的行为，那么管理国家政事还有什么困难呢？如果一个人不能端正自己的行为，又怎么能让别人端正行为呢？”
13-14
冉子退朝。子曰：“何晏也？”对曰：“有政。”子曰：“其事也？如有政，虽不吾以，吾其与闻之。”
On one occasion when a disciple who was in official employment returned from the palace, Confucius said to him! “Why are you so late?” “Oh!” answered the disciple. “We have just had State affairs.” “You mean'business'！For if there had been State affairs, although I am not now in office, I should still have been consulted.”*
（Confucius was then a member of the State council.）
【白话译文】
有一次，孔子一位在朝做官的学生（冉有）从朝廷回来。孔子说：“怎么回来这么晚？”学生（冉有）回答：“刚才在处理政事。”孔子说：“只是一般的事务吧？如果真是什么国家大事，虽然我现在没做官，也会来征询我的意见的。”*
（孔子当时是政府议会议员，以前曾当过大司寇。）
13-15
定公问：“一言而可以兴邦，有诸？”孔子对曰：“言不可以若是其几也。人之言曰：‘为君难，为臣不易。’如知为君之难也，不几乎一言而兴邦乎？”曰：“一言而丧邦，有诸？”孔子对曰：“言不可以若是其几也。人之言曰：‘予无乐乎为君，惟其言而莫予违也。’如其善而莫之违也，不亦善乎？如不善而莫之违也，不几乎一言而丧邦乎？”
The reigning prince of Confucius'native State enquired if the principle to make a country prosperous could be expressed in one single sentence. Confucius answered! “One cannot expect so much meaning from a single sentence.There is, however, a saying which the people have! 'To be a ruler of men is difficult and to be a public servant is not easy.'Now if one only knew that it is difficult to be a ruler of men, would not that alone almost make a country prosperous?”
The prince then asked if the principle to ruin a country could be expressed in one single sentence.
Confucius answered! “So much meaning is not to be expected from one single sentence. There is, however, a saying among the people: 'I find no pleasure in being a ruler of men, except in that whatsoever I order no man shall oppose.'Now if what is ordered is right, it is well and good that no one opposes it; but if what is ordered is not right and no one opposes it! —is not that alone enough to ruin a country?”
【白话译文】
孔子的祖国（鲁国）在位的国君（鲁定公）问孔子，能不能仅用一句话来表述使国家富强的根源。孔子回答：“不要指望仅用一句简单的话来表达这么丰富的内涵。不过，有句民间俗语说：‘做一个国君很难，做一个大臣也不易。’如果知道当一个国君很难，这不就几乎等于一句话使一个国家繁荣昌盛吗？”
这位国君（鲁定公）又问，是否也可以仅用一句话就能概括毁掉一个国家的根源。
孔子回答：“不要指望仅用一句话来表达这么丰富的内容。但是，民间有句俗语说：‘我做国君没有什么值得高兴的，唯一能让我感到高兴的就是我说的话没人敢违抗。’如果国君的命令合乎情理，对人民有利，当然没有人会反对，但是，如果国君的命令不正确而没有人反对，那不就几乎等于一句话毁掉了一个国家吗？”
13-16
叶公问政。子曰：“近者悦，远者来。”
The prince of a small principality asked what was essential in the government of a country.
Confucius answered! “When there is good government in a country the people at home are happy, and the people in other countries will come.”
【白话译文】
一个小侯国的国君（叶公）问孔子，什么是一个国家的政府最重要的东西。孔子回答：“如果一个国家的政府很好，那么国内的百姓就会很高兴，其他国家的人也会前来归附。”
13-17
子夏为莒父宰，问政。子曰：“无欲速，无见小利。欲速则不达，见小利则大事不成。”
A disciple of Confucius who was appointed chief magistrate of an important town enquired what was essential in government.
Confucius answered! “Do not be in a hurry to get things done. Do not consider petty advantages.If you are in a hurry to get things done, things will not be done thoroughly and well.If you consider petty advantages, you will never accomplish great things.”
【白话译文】
孔子的一位学生（子夏）被任命为一个重镇（莒父）的行政长官，他向孔子请教如何处理政事。
孔子回答：“办事不要匆忙，不要贪图蝇头小利。如果做事匆匆忙忙，反而不彻底，也不能达到完美。如果贪图蝇头小利，就永远做不成大事。”
13-18
叶公语孔子曰：“吾党有直躬者，其父攘羊，而子证之。”孔子曰：“吾党之直者异于是。父为子隐，子为父隐，直在其中矣。”
The reigning prince of a small principality said to Confucius! “Among my people there are men to be found who are so upright that when a father steals a sheep the son is ready to bear witness against him.”
“In our country!” replied Confucius! “the upright men are different from that. They consider it consistent with true uprightness for a father to be silent regarding the misdeed of his son and for a son to be silent concerning the misdeed of his father.”
【白话译文】
一个小侯国的在位国君（叶公）对孔子说：“在我管辖的百姓中，有些特别正直的人，当父亲偷了人家一只羊，儿子就准备出庭作证。”
孔子回答：“在我的国家，正直之人和你所说的正直之人不一样。他们认为，真正的正直表现在：如果儿子做错了事情，父亲会保持沉默；如果父亲做错了事情，儿子会保持沉默。正直就在这其中体现出来了。”
13-19
樊迟问仁。子曰：“居处恭，执事敬，与人忠。虽之夷狄，不可弃也。”A disciple of Confucius enquired what was essential in a moral life.Confucius answered! “In dealing with yourself, be serious; in business, be earnest; in intercourse with other men, be conscientious.Although you may be living among barbarians and savages, these principles cannot be neglected.”
【白话译文】
孔子的一位学生（樊迟）问孔子，在道德生活中什么最重要。孔子回答：“平日在家对自己要严格，做事要认真负责，待人要衷心诚意。就算身处蛮夷之地，也不可舍弃这些原则。”
13-20
子贡问曰：“何如斯可谓之士矣？”子曰：“行己有耻，使于四方，不辱君命，可谓士矣。”曰：“敢问其次。”曰：“宗族称孝焉，乡党称弟焉。”曰：“敢问其次。”曰：“言必信，行必果，硁硁然小人哉！抑亦可以为次矣。”曰：“今之从政者何如？”子曰：“噫！斗筲之人，何足算也？”
A disciple of Confucius enquired! “What must one be in order to be considered a gentleman?” Confucius answered! “He must be a man of strict personal honour; when sent on a public mission to any country he will not disgrace his mission. Such a man may be considered a gentleman.”
The disciple then asked for a type of gentleman next in degree to the one mentioned above. Confucius answered! “One whom the members of his family hold up as a good son and his fellow citizens hold up as a good citizen.”
The disciple went on to ask for a type of gentleman still next in degree.
Confucius answered! “One who makes it a point to carry out what he says and to persist in what he undertakes, a dogged, stubborn little gentleman though he is; such a man may also be considered a type of gentleman next in degree.”
The disciple finally asked, saying! “But what is your opinion of the gentlemen now in the public service?” “They are!” replied Confucius! “only red-taped*bureaucrats not worth taking into account.”
（The Chinese expression for “red tape” is “pecks and hampers!” from the fact that the duty of mere routine officers in ancient times was to weigh and measure the grain and other produce collected from the people.）
【白话译文】
孔子的一位学生（子贡）问：“要怎样做，才能称为绅士呢？”孔子回答：“这个人做事情必然会懂得廉耻。当受命出使其他国家的时候，他会不辱使命。这样的人就可以称为绅士。”
然后这位学生（子贡）问，比上述绅士标准稍微次一等的人是什么类型。孔子回答：“那就是宗族中的人称赞他孝顺父母，乡民们称赞他敬重兄长的人。”
这位学生（子贡）继续问，再次一等的是什么样的人。
孔子回答：“说到做到，言而有信，并且能对所承担的事情持之以恒。不问对错固执己见，那只能是小人，但也可以称为再次一等的绅士。”
这位学生（子贡）最后问：“但是您如何看待现在的执政者呢？”孔子回答：“哎！这些器量狭小*的官僚，哪里算得上是绅士啊！”
（中文表达“red tape”的意思是“吹毛求疵且到处设置障碍的官僚”，它来自古代少数循吏的职责，这些循吏的职责就是从百姓那里收取谷物和其他产品。）
13-21
子曰：“不得中行而与之，必也狂狷乎！狂者进取，狷者有所不为也。”
Confucius remarked! “If I cannot find equitable and reasonable men to have to do with, upon necessity I would choose men of enthusiastic or even fanatical*character.Enthusiastic men are zealous and there are always limits that fanatical men would not pass.”
（Literally dogged—the Chinese character meaning a fierce, tenacious animal like the bull-dog.In fact, man with a fixed idea.）
【白话译文】
孔子说：“如果我找不到奉行中庸之道的人同他交往，就只能选择同狂人、固执己见*的人交往了。狂人积极热情，固执己见的人做事情也是有分寸而不会逾越界限的。”
（“狷”的意思是像牛头犬一样凶猛顽强的野兽。事实上，指的是固执己见的人。）
13-22
子曰：“南人有言曰：‘人而无恒，不可以作巫医。’善夫！‘不恒其德，或承之羞。’”子曰：“不占而已矣。”
Confucius remarked! "The southern people have a saying! 'A man without perseverance cannot be a doctor or a magician.'How true!
“Again, it is said in the I-king! 'The reputation for a virtue once acquired unless persevered in will lead to disgrace.'”
Commenting on this, Confucius remarked! “It is much better not to assume the reputation for the virtue at all.”*
（The great Chinese commentator Chu Fu-tzu gives up this last passage, saying that he does not understand it. We venture here to submit the above explanation of the passage as given in the translation.）
【白话译文】
孔子说：“南方有句谚语：‘做事没有毅力的人当不了医生或巫医。’这句话非常正确！另外《易经》有句话说：‘一旦得到美德的名号，如果不能坚持不懈，必然会遭到羞辱。’”说到这里，孔子说：“最好不要为了所谓的美德而没有意义地坚持信誉。”*
（中国最伟大的评论家朱熹在评论这段话的时候，认为他无法理解，也不能诠释。我在这里斗胆对译文的最后一段做出了诠释。）
13-23
子曰：“君子和而不同，小人同而不和。”
Confucius remarked! “A wise man is sociable, but not familiar. A fool is familiar but not sociable.”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“聪明人讲求和谐而不同流合污，愚蠢的人只求完全一致，而不讲求和谐。”
13-24
子贡问曰：“乡人皆好之，何如？”子曰：“未可也。”“乡人皆恶之，何如？”子曰：“未可也。不如乡人之善者好之，其不善者恶之。”
A disciple of Confucius enquired of him, saying! “What do you say of a man who is popular with all his fellow townsmen in a place?”
“He is not necessarily a good man!” answered Confucius.
“What do you say then!” asked the disciple! “of a man who is unpopular with all his fellow townsmen?”
“He is neither!” replied Confucius! “necessarily a good nor a bad man. A really good man is he who is popular with the good men of a place and unpopular with the bad men.”
【白话译文】
孔子的一位学生（子贡）问孔子：“您怎么看待一个受到全乡人民热爱和称赞的人呢？”孔子说：“他不一定是个好人。”
学生（子贡）问：“那么您如何评价一个受到全乡人民厌恶和憎恨的人呢？”
孔子回答：“他也不一定是个好人或坏人。真正德高望重的人在当地的好人中会大受欢迎，而在坏人中却不会受到欢迎。”
13-25
子曰：“君子易事而难说也。说之不以道，不说也；及其使人也，器之。小人难事而易说也。说之虽不以道，说也；及其使人也，求备焉。”
Confucius remarked! “A wise and good man is easy to serve, but difficult to please.If you go beyond your duty to please him, he will not be pleased. But in his employment of men, he always takes into consideration their capacity.A fool, on the other hand, is easy to please, but difficult to serve.If you go beyond your duty to please him, he will be pleased. But in his employment of men, he expects them to be able to do everything.”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“为聪明而高尚的人工作容易，但难以阿谀奉承讨他喜欢。如果超越自己的职责去奉承他，他就不会感到高兴。但是在他用人的时候，总是考虑他人的才能。但是愚蠢的人却不一样，取得他的欢心很容易，但是难以伺候。如果超出自己的职责去奉承他，他也会感到很高兴。但是在他用人的时候，却总是求全责备。”
13-26
子曰：“君子泰而不骄，小人骄而不泰。”
Confucius remarked! “A wise man is dignified, but not proud.A fool is proud, but not dignified.”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“聪明人高贵坦然而不傲慢无礼，愚蠢的人傲慢无礼而不高贵坦然。”
13-27
子曰：“刚、毅、木、讷，近仁。”
Confucius remarked! “A man of strong, resolute, simple character approaches nearly to the true moral character.”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“一个人如果具有坚强、果敢、淳朴、谨慎这四种美德，就几乎称得上是道德高尚的人了。”
13-28
子路问曰：“何如斯可谓之士矣？”子曰：“切切偲偲，怡怡如也，可谓士矣。朋友切切偲偲，兄弟怡怡。”
A disciple of Confucius enquired! “What must a man be in order to be considered a gentleman?” Confucius answered! “He must be sympathetic, obliging and affectionate: sympathetic and obliging to his friends and affectionate to the members of his family.”
【白话译文】
孔子的一位学生（子路）问孔子：“一个人要怎样做，才能被称为绅士呢？”孔子回答：“他必须心存怜悯，待人诚恳而亲切；对待朋友和谐而亲切，并且用真爱对待家人。”
13-29
子曰：“善人教民七年，亦可以即戎矣。”
Confucius remarked! “A good honest man, after educating the people for seven years, will be able to lead them to war.”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“高尚而诚实的人在教育百姓七年之后，就可以带领他们去打仗了。”
13-30
子曰：“以不教民战，是谓弃之。”
Confucius remarked! “To allow people to go to battle without first instructing them is to betray them.”
【白话译文】
孔子说：“如果让没有事先经过训练的百姓去打仗，这是置其性命于不顾。”