Arrays

An array (or list in some scripting languages) is used to store a similar set of multiple values inside a single variable. This helps to ensure all data types with similar meanings are stored in a single variable, and also we can easily loop through these array objects to fetch the values stored in an array.

Consider the following example:

countries=["India","China","USA","UK"]
for specific country in countries 
 Perform action

As we can see in the variable declaration, now we are declaring a similar data type with a similar context or meaning by grouping them together and assigning them into a single variable. In our example, it's the country names all assigned to an array variable named countries. In the next line, we are now iterating using the loop method, and for every specific country in the list or array of countries, we will perform the action. In this case, the loop will be executed to perform the action for each country, from the country name India to the end of the country name UK.

Each value stored in an array is referred to as an element of the array. Additionally, an array can be easily sorted, which means irrespective of the order of the elements in the array, we can get a sorted list or array by calling some additional programming tasks.

Let's consider an example:

countries=["India", "China", "USA","UK"]
Sort (countries)

The result will be as follows:

countries=["China","India","UK",USA"]

The sort functionality ensured that all the elements inside the array are sorted alphabetically and stored in the sorted order.