前言

肿瘤登记是对癌症流行情况、趋势变化和影响因素进行长期、连续、动态的系统性监测，是制定癌症预防控制策略、开展综合防控研究、评价防控效果的重要基础性工作。这项工作的标志性成果之一就是每年以年报的形式及时发布全国肿瘤登记监测数据。《中国肿瘤登记年报》已成为我国癌症预防与控制不可或缺的宝贵资料，在不同历史时期均发挥了极其重要的作用。癌症等慢性病防控工作已经写入2019年《政府工作报告》，国民健康已经上升为国家战略。随着“健康中国2030”的不断推进，癌症负担等基础数据的重要性必将日益凸显。

《2018中国肿瘤登记年报》是自2008年《中国肿瘤登记年报》首次出版以来的第12卷。本年报汇总了2015年我国肿瘤登记地区癌症监测数据。2018年，国家癌症中心收到来自中国大陆31个省（自治区、直辖市）及新疆生产建设兵团（未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾省）501个肿瘤登记处上报的2015年肿瘤登记数据。通过对数据审核和质量控制，有388个肿瘤登记处数据入选本年报，涵盖142个城市地区和246个农村地区。此次年报基本保持历次年报的基本思路，对22种癌症及所有癌症合计的发病和死亡数据进行了详细分析，并分地区、年龄别和性别比较了癌症分布差异。

《2018中国肿瘤登记年报》的顺利出版，得到了国家卫生健康委员会疾病预防控制局、宣传司的具体指导和大力支持，凝结着全国各肿瘤登记处千余工作人员的辛苦付出和50多位编写、审校人员的辛勤劳动。年报在如此短时间内出版发行得益于大家的支持和付出，在此表示最衷心的感谢!

Population-based cancer registries systematically monitor the frequency of new cancer cases each year in well-defined populations and over time.Cancer registration has a pivotal role in cancer control，which provides basic data for cancer policy making and evaluation.One prominent achievement of cancer registration in China is to publish China Cancer Registry Annual Report，which has been a great value for cancer prevention and control in different periods of the country.Prevention and control on cancer and other chronic diseases has been one of the major tasks in the 2019 Report on the Work of the Government in China，and people’s health has been a national strategy.In achieving the goal of“Healthy China of 2030”，basic data on cancer burden of the country has become more and more important.

Since the first volume of China Cancer Registry Annual Report published in 2008，this book is the 12 ^thvolume of the Annual Report.In this volume，we reported the cancer incidence and mortality data in Chinese cancer registration areas of 2015.A total of 501 cancer registries submitted data to National Cancer Center（NCC）China by 30 ^thJune，2018.After data quality control，a total of 388 cancer registries（142 urban registries and 246 rural registries）were included in the present China Cancer Registration Annual Report.In this volume，we summarized data of the incidence and mortality for all cancers combined and 22 cancer sites in 2015，overall，by age，sex and area.

Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control，Department of Publicity in National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China have provided sustainable support in the fast publication of the China Cancer Registry Annual Report 2018.We acknowledge all staff working for the cancer registries and the editorial board who contributed to this publication.