3 Terms and Definitions
The following terms and definitions are applicable to this Specification.
3.1 Lifting
A generic term of workpiece loading/unloading，in-plant transportation and lifting operation during project construction.
3.2 Lifting operation
An operation to lift and install a workpiece in the specified place by lifting machinery.
3.3 Workpiece
An object on which lifting operations take place，such as equipment and structural member.
3.4 Lifting load
The total weight of workpiece，hook assembly，rigging hardware，lifting gear and reinforcements.
3.5 Lifting height
The height to which the top of a workpiece shall be lifted during lifting operations.
3.6 Gin pole
A generic term of tubular or latticed steel columns used in lifting operations.
3.7 Guy rope
A wire rope to lock the gin pole or workpiece in stable condition under the action of lifting load，wind load and dead weight.
3.8 Slip rope
A rope to connect the workpiece，and to control and maintain the workpiece in stable condition during lifting operations.
3.9 Fall rope
A rope to connect a sheave or sheave block with lifting machinery and to carry traction.
3.10 Skid pad
A device used for support and short-distance transport of a workpiece by means of rolling or sliding powered by a traction machine.
3.11 Tail skid pad
A skid pad to carry the tail of a vertical workpiece for coordinating lifting operations by sliding method.
3.12 Tailing
An operation method used to control the movement of the tail of a vertical workpiece for coordinating lifting operations by sliding method.
3.13 Take-off
An operating condition under which the tail of a vertical workpiece is departed from the tail skid under the action of lifting force and tailing force when the tail skid moves to the specified place during lifting operations by sliding method.
3.14 Tail lifting
A lifting operation using mobile crane to lift the tail of a vertical workpiece for coordination with main lifting machinery.
3.15 Mobile crane
A generic term of trackless movable cranes，such as crawler crane，wheel-mounted crane and truckmounted crane.
3.16 Superlift
A lifting operation performed with mobile crane that is configured with superlift counterweight.
3.17 Clamping jack
A hydraulic lifting device driven by power unit for load-carrying purpose by means of clamping a square steel of specified specification.
3.18 Medium bore jack
A linear hydraulic lifting device driven by power unit for load-carrying purpose by means of direct grabbing high strength steel strands，also called strand jack.
3.19 Rigging hardware
A generic term of lifting ropes and associated components such as rope clamp，sheave block，shackle and sling.
3.20 Sling
A flexible component used to connect the hook or load-bearing facility with the workpiece during lifting.
3.21 Lifting gear
A generic term of rigid components used to connect the hook or load-bearing facility and the workpiece with the sling during lifting.
3.22 Lifting lug
A lifting point attached on the workpiece for lifting.
3.23 Trial lifting
A lifting operation to make the workpiece departed from its support in a proper distance for checking the status of load on each part of the workpiece prior to formal lifting.