参考文献

1.Behiri JC，Bonfield W.Orientation dependence of the fracture mechanics of cortical bone.J Biomech，1989，22：863-867.

2.Taylor D，Hazenberg JG，Lee TC.Living with cracks：damage and repair in human bone.Nature Mater，2007，6：249-317.

3.Nalla RK，Kinney JH，Ritchie RO.Mechanistic fracture criteria for the failure of human cortical bone.Nat Mater，2003，2：164-168.

4.Yan J，Mecholsky J，Clifton KB.How tough is bone?Application of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics to bone.Bone，2007，40：4794-84.

5.Athanasiou KA，Rosenwasser MP，Buckwalter JA，et al.：Interspecies comparisons of in situ intrinsic mechanical properties of distal femoral cartilage.J Orthop Res，1991，9：330-340.

6.Atkinson TS，Haut RC，Altiero NJ：Impact-induced fissuring of articular cartilage：an investigation of failure criteria.J Biomech Eng，1998，120：181-187.

7.Buschmann MD，Kim YJ，Wong M，et al.Stimulation of aggrecan synthesis in cartilage explants by cyclic loading is localized to regions of high interstitial fluid flow.Arch Biochem Biophys，1999，366：1-7.

8.Teshima R，Otsuka T，Takasu N，et al.：Structure of the most superficial layer of articular cartilage.J Bone Joint Surg ［Br］，1995，77：460-464.