D
001 deal with 处理；与……交易
重点解析 ▲ deal with表示“对付；应对；对待”，其后接sb和sth均可。此外该短语还可以表示“与……交易”，介词with引出对象。
情景对话
Owen: I think I will deal with this problem tomorrow.
Robert: You said the same yesterday.
欧文：我想我还是明天再处理这个问题吧。
罗伯特：你昨天也是这么说的。
触类旁通
deal with sb 与某人打交道 cope with 对付；应对
例句再现
How do your family deal with the letter ?你家是怎么处理这封信的？
Are you going to deal with it yourself ?你要亲自处理这件事吗？
He is not in the position to deal with this matter. 他无权处理此事。
He prefers to deal with customers face to face. 他更喜欢面对面和客户打交道。
He is a person difficult to deal with. 他是个很难打交道的人。
002 decide to do 决定做
重点解析 ▲ decide后接动词，须用动词不定式to do，表示“决定做”；此外，decide后也可直接加sth，指“解决；判决；裁决”。
情景对话
Nick: I decide to tell her about this.
Sam: You haven't told her yet ?But I did.
尼克：我决定告诉她这件事。
萨姆：你还没有告诉她吗？但是我已经告诉过她了。
触类旁通
decide on 就……做出决定，决定要
例句再现
When did you decide to accept her advice ?你什么时候决定接受她的建议的？
The man decided to give up smoking for the sake of his health.为了自身健康着想，这个人决定戒烟。
Do you decide to go or stay ?你决定是走还是留了吗？
If you decide to do something, put your heart to it. 你如果决定做一件事，那就用心去做。
The personnel manager decides to take him on. 人事部经理决定雇用他。
003 decide that... 决定……；断定……
重点解析 ▲ 如果表示决定的内容过长，可用“decide+that...”来表达，that引导宾语从句。
情景对话
Rita: What's your ideal profession?
Owen: I've decided that I will be a lawyer.
丽塔：你理想的职业是什么？
欧文：我决定将来成为一名律师。
触类旁通
decide against 决定不做；（判决）不利于 decide for 决定；（判决）有利于
例句再现
She decides that it is best to give up. 她决定最好放弃。
We decide that we will not wait for them. 我们决定不等他们了。
I decide that I'm not going to stay where I am. 我决定不再原地踏步了。
He decided that she wasn't telling the truth. 他断定她没有说实话。
I decided that I would give up this job. 我决定放弃这个工作。
004 do a favor 帮忙
重点解析 ▲ do a favor意为“帮忙”，表示“帮某人的忙”则用do sb a favor，相当于help sb。
情景对话
May: Could you do me a favor and bring my books back?
Rose: Sure.
梅：你能帮我把我的书带回来吗？
罗丝：好的。
触类旁通
give sb a hand 帮助某人 do sb good/harm 对某人有益∕有害
例句再现
Do me a favor and take this to her. 帮我把这个给她。
Would you please do me a favor ?能帮我个忙吗？
She asked me to do her a favor. 她让我帮她个忙。
Even your parents can't do you a favor this time. 这次即便是你的父母也帮不了你。
I will be glad to do you a favor if you need help. 如果你需要帮助，我很乐意帮你。
005 do a good job 干得好；好好干
重点解析 ▲ do a good job常被翻译为“干得好；好好干”，多用于口语之中，也可用作do a great job，do an excellent job。如果要夸奖别人干得好，通常用did a good job或have done a good job。
情景对话
Michael: Paul, you've done a good job. Give yourself a pat on the back.
Paul: I couldn't have done this without the help of others. There is still a long way to go for me.
迈克尔：保罗，你做得不错。给自己一点表扬。
保罗：要是没有其他人的帮助，我不可能做好。我还有很长的路要走。
触类旁通
do a good job of 做好……工作 do a good deed 做好事
do a good turn to sb 做有利于某人的事
例句再现
I will do a good job for her sake. 看在她的份上，我会好好干的。
Believe he will do a good job. 相信他会做得很好的。
As a beginning learner, you do a good job. 作为一个初学者，你做得很不错。
I have to admit you really did a good job. 不得不承认，你确实干得很好。
You have done a good job in attracting customers. 在吸引顾客方面，你做得很不错。
006 do one's best 尽全力
重点解析 ▲ do one's best表示“全力以赴，尽全力”，与try one's best表达的意思相同，该短语可接动词不定式，引出尽全力所做的事。
情景对话
Martin: Don't worry, Linda. I'll do my best to help you out.
Linda: Thank you, Martin. I'm happy to have you at my side.
马丁：琳达，别担心，我会尽全力帮你解决问题的。
琳达：谢谢你，马丁。很高兴有你在我身边。
触类旁通
do one's utmost 竭尽所能；尽心竭力
例句再现
I did my best, but nothing changed. 我尽力了，但是一切还是老样子。
He said he did his best, but it seemed no one believed him.
他说他尽力了，但是似乎没有人相信他。
Those people have done their best to help. 那些人已经尽力帮忙了。
Do your best to make a difference. 尽力做出改变。
007 do one's job 做分内的事；尽到某人的职责
重点解析 ▲ do one's job指“做分内的事；尽到某人的职责”，根据具体语境，one's用不同的物主代词形式。
情景对话
Lewis: Just do your job well. Other things are none of your business.
Mark: OK. I got it.
路易斯：做好自己的工作就行，其他事与你无关。
马克：好的，我知道了。
触类旁通
do one's bit 做自己分内的事；尽自己的力量 do one's duty 尽职，尽义务
do one's endeavor 尽力 do one's part 尽某人的职责
例句再现
It's not my place to tell her how to do her job. 我没有义务教她怎样做工作。
Although I do my job well, I'm not appreciated by the boss.尽管我工作做得不错，却得不到老板的赏识。
He is trying really hard to do his job better. 他真的在努力把工作做得更好。
It's foolish of me to tell an expert how to do his job. 告诉行家如何工作，我真是愚蠢。
Do your duty wherever you work. 不管在哪儿工作，都要尽到你的责任。
008 do something 做点什么，有所作为
重点解析 ▲ do something可用于表示“做点什么，有所作为”，后面可接定语从句或about引导的介词短语。其否定形式为not do anything。
情景对话
Kate: For God's sake, do something. We are going to hit the tree.
Louise: But the brake doesn't work.
凯特：看在上帝的份上，做点什么吧。我们快撞到树上了。
路易丝：但是刹车不灵了。
触类旁通
do something + adj. 做……的事 do something for... 为……做某事
do anything 做任何事
例句再现
Promise me. Don't do anything stupid. 答应我，不要做傻事。
Do something about it rather than complaining all the time. 做出改变，而不要一直抱怨。
He didn't think he had done anything wrong. 他认为自己并没有做错事。
He pleaded with me to do something about it, but there is practically nothing I could do.他求我做点什么，但是实际上我什么也做不了。
His mother will never allow him to do something like that. 他妈妈绝不会允许他做那种事的。
009 do the dishes 洗餐具
重点解析 ▲ do the dishes为固定短语，表示“（饭后）洗餐具”，the dishes在此处指用餐时使用过的“所有餐具”，“洗餐具”还可以表达为wash the dishes。
情景对话
Hill: Do you usually do the dishes?
Jim: Yes. My mom cooks, my father cleans and I do the dishes.
希尔：你经常洗餐具吗？
吉姆：是的。我妈妈做饭，爸爸打扫卫生，我洗餐具。
触类旁通
do the washing-up 洗碗碟 do the laundry 洗衣服
do the homework 做作业
例句再现
It's her turn to do the dishes today. 今天轮到她洗餐具了。
After the party, he stayed to help me do the dishes. 聚会结束后，他留下来帮我洗餐具。
I'll clean the room if you do the dishes. 如果你去洗碗，我就打扫房间。
Nobody asked him to do the dishes. 没有人让他去洗餐具。
You are supposed to do the homework by yourself. 你应该自己独立完成作业。
010 do well 做得好，进展好
重点解析 ▲ do well指“做得好，进展好”，其后可接动词不定式或介词in，do well in意为“在某方面做得好”。
情景对话
Emily: We all believe you can do well. Just have some confidence in yourself.
Helen: Thank you for telling me this, Emily.
艾米丽：我们都相信你能做好的。要有点自信。
海伦：艾米丽，谢谢你告诉我这个。
触类旁通
do better in 做得更好 be doing well/great 做得不错
例句再现
Don't push yourself too hard to do well. 不要为了尽善尽美而太勉强自己。
He will do well in it for he is very experienced in repairing things.
他会做好这件事的，因为他修理东西很有经验。
You will do well to clear up the misunderstanding between you two. 你要澄清你俩之间的误会。
Does she do well in running 她擅长跑步吗？
011 do with 处理；与……相处；将就
重点解析 ▲ do with中的do为实义动词，该词组有很多含义，其中比较常见的有“处理；与……相处；将就，凑合着用”，could do with则表示“需要”。
情景对话
Cathy: We still can't get the network up.
Dora: Since we can't watch movies online, we will have to do with the DVDs.
凯西：我们还是连不上网。
多拉：因为不能在线看电影，我们就只能凑合着看光碟了。
触类旁通
have something/nothing to do with 与……有关系∕没有任何关系
put up with 忍受，容忍
例句再现
What are you going to do with these old books ?你要怎样处理这些旧书？
No beef in the fridge; we will have to do with the pork.
冰箱里没有牛肉了，我们只能凑合着用猪肉。
Everybody feels it's not easy to do with her. 所有人都觉得与她相处不容易。
I could do with a cup of tea. 给我一杯茶就好了。
It's said it has something to do with him. 据说这件事与他有关。
012 do without 没有……也行；不用；不干（某事）
重点解析 ▲ without作介词，指“在没有……的情况下”，do without的含义为“没有……也行，用不着”。can do without表示“可以没有……，没有……也无所谓”。
情景对话
Anna: Please. We can't do without your help.
Bill: All right then. This is the last time.
安娜：求你了，我们不能没有你的帮助。
比尔：好吧，这是最后一次了。
触类旁通
what to do without... 没有……该怎么办 be without 没有
例句再现
There is one thing that she would rather do without—freckle. 有一样东西她宁愿没有——雀斑。
No one can do without water for long. 没有人能长时间不喝水。
He said he could do without my help. 他说他不需要我的帮助。
I can do without you telling me what to do over and over again.我不需要你一再告诉我该怎么做。
She could do without an interpreter when traveling abroad. 到国外旅行时，她不需要翻译。
013 Do you mean... ?你是说……吗？
重点解析 ▲ 该句型中mean指“意指；意思是说”，do you mean用来再次确认对方所说的话或就对方话中不太理解的内容进行询问。也可作：You mean...
情景对话
Dan: Do you mean (that) you are not staying for dinner?
Elizabeth: Yes. I told my mom I would be back for supper, so I have to go now. I'll see you tomorrow.
丹：你是说你不留下来吃晚饭了吗？
伊丽莎白：是的。我和妈妈说要回家吃晚饭了，所以我现在得走了。明天见了。
触类旁通
Do you mean it ?你是认真的吗 ?Do you mean to... ?你打算……吗？
例句再现
Do you mean (that) he was lying all along ？你是说他自始至终都在说谎？
Do you mean (that) I need to take my ID card with me next time? 你是说我下次需要带上身份证?
Do you mean it ?That would be wonderful! 你是认真的吗？那太棒了！
Do you mean to say you are not coming with us ?你是说你不和我们一起来吗？
014 Do/Would you mind doing sth ?你介意做某事吗？
重点解析 ▲ 该句型用于礼貌地征求对方同意或请求对方做某事。mind后面加doing sth，表示希望对方所做的事。
情景对话
Peter: Would you mind passing me the salt?
Robert: No, of course not. Here you are.
彼得：你介意把盐递给我吗？
罗伯特：不，当然不介意。给你。
触类旁通
Do/Would you mind sb/one's doing sth ?你介意某人做某事吗？
Don't mind me. 不用在意我。
例句再现
Do you mind opening the window ?你介意开窗吗？
Would you mind moving aside ?麻烦你让一下好吗？
Do you mind telling me what happened ?能告诉我发生什么事了吗？
Do you mind me changing seats with you ?能和我换一下座位吗？
Would you mind me asking a few questions? 你介意我问你一些问题吗？
015 Do/Would you mind if...? 你介意……吗？
重点解析 ▲ 该句型同样表示询问对方是否介意或是征求对方同意。对该类问句的回答，若表示“不介意，同意”，可用no/not at all/of course not/certainly not/please/go ahead/do as you like/I don't mind等回答；表示“介意，不同意”，可用sorry, you'd better not/I wish you wouldn't/I'm sorry but I do等回答。
情景对话
Newman: Do you mind if I open the window?
Oscar: Not at all.
纽曼：你介意我开窗户吗？
奥斯卡：一点儿也不。
触类旁通
I don't mind (sb) doing... 我不介意（某人）做…… I don't mind if... 我不介意是否……
例句再现
Do you mind if I smoke here ?你介意我在这里吸烟吗？
Would you mind if I borrow it ?你介意我把它借走吗？
Would you mind if we come again next week? 你介意我们下周再来吗？
Do you mind if I close the door? 你介意我把门关上吗？
Do you mind if I take this seat? 你介意我坐这个座位吗？
016 Do you think (that)... ?你觉得……吗？
重点解析 ▲ 该句型用以询问对方的观点，that所引导的宾语从句须用陈述语序，且that可以省略。do you think也可以单独使用，在句中作插入语。
情景对话
Cathy: Do you think (that) he will come?
Dora: Well, he has agreed, so I think he will come unless tied down to his job.
凯西：你觉得他会来吗？
多拉：嗯，他已经答应了，所以我认为，只要不是因为工作忙得脱不开身，他会来的。
触类旁通
Do you think so ?你这样认为吗？
What do you think you're doing ?你以为自己在干什么？
例句再现
Do you think (that) he will keep his promise ?你觉得他会信守诺言吗？
Do you think (that) it would be all right if I open the window ?你认为我可以打开窗户吗？
Do you think (that) he was lying to you ?你觉得他在对你说谎吗？
Don't you think (that) we should tell her the news? 你不觉得我们应该把这个消息告诉她吗？
He seems very sincere. Do you think so ?他似乎非常真诚，你是这样认为的吗？
017 Don't forget to... 不要忘记……
重点解析 ▲ 此为否定祈使句型，用于嘱咐对方不要忘记要做某事。forget to do sth表示“忘记要做某事（还没做）”，而forget doing sth表示“忘记做过某事（已做过）”。
情景对话
Anna: Don't forget to buy some milk. We don't have any milk.
Bell: All right.
安娜：别忘记买些牛奶，我们没有牛奶了。
贝尔：好的。
触类旁通
Don't forget that... 不要忘记……
例句再现
Don't forget to call me back when you get home. 到家后别忘了给我回个电话。
Don't forget to bring a bottle of wine or some flowers when you go to a party. 参加聚会时，不要忘记带一瓶红酒或一些花。
Don't forget to turn off the light when you leave. 离开时不要忘记关灯。
Don't forget to take an umbrella with you for the weather report says it will rain this afternoon. 不要忘记带伞，天气预报说今天下午有雨。
Don't forget to shake hands when you meet. 见面时不要忘记握手。
018 Don't get me wrong. 不要误会我。
重点解析 ▲ 该句型为固定表达，当对方可能不理解自己的意思或自己的话可能使对方感到不悦时可以使用，表示“不要误会我”。
情景对话
Bart: You don't like my job, do you?
Carl: No, no. Don't get me wrong. I like your job, but it's not permanent.
巴特：你不喜欢我的工作，是吗？
卡尔：不不，不要曲解我的意思。我喜欢你的工作，但是，这份工作不是长期性的。
触类旁通
Don't misunderstand me. 别误会我。 Don't put a wrong construction on... 不要误解……
例句再现
Don't get me wrong. She is a kind girl, but sometimes she is too pessimistic.不要误解我。她人很善良，但是有时太过悲观。
Don't get me wrong. I was just trying to help. 不要误会，我只是想帮忙而已。
Don't get me wrong. I didn't mean to embarrass you. 不要误解我，我不是有意使你感到尴尬的
Don't get me wrong. I just never see anything like this.不要误解我，我只是从来没有见过这种东西而已。
Don't get me wrong. I like this place. 不要误会我，我喜欢这个地方。
019 Don't give me that. 别蒙我。
重点解析 ▲ 该句为美国口语中比较常用的表达，用以表示不相信或不耐烦，常翻译为“别蒙我”。
情景对话
Austin: Don't give me that. You really think I will believe you again this time?
Bill: Believe it or not, I'm telling you the truth.
奥斯汀：别蒙我了，你真以为这次我还会相信你吗？
比尔：信不信由你，我和你说的是实话。
触类旁通
Don't give me your attitude. 别跟我摆架子。 Don't give me that jazz! 别胡扯！
Don't give me that jive. 别跟我花言巧语。
Don't give me that look. 不要用那样的眼神看我。
例句再现
Don't give me that. It won't cost that much. 别蒙我了，这东西没有那么贵。
Don't give me that. I know what you are up to. 少来这套。我知道你有什么意图。
Don't give me that! I will not be fooled a second time. 少来这套！我不会再次被骗了。
Don't give me that jive. It's all over now. 别和我花言巧语。一切都结束了。
Don't give me that look. I didn't do it. 不要用那样的眼神看我。不是我做的。
020 don't let sb/sth do 不要让某人∕某物做
重点解析 ▲ 该句为let所引导的祈使句型的否定形式。
情景对话
Ann: Don't let this failure get you down. There will be another chance.
Beck: I won't. Thank you, Ann.
安：不要为这次失败感到沮丧。还有机会的。
贝克：我不会的。谢谢你，安。
触类旁通
let sb do 允许某人做 let sth do 任由……发生
例句再现
Don't let him know our secret. 不要让他知道我们的秘密。
Don't let the thief get away. 不要让小偷跑了。
Don't let other things distract your attention. 不要因其他事而分神。
Don't let trifle matters get in your way. 不要被琐事妨碍。
021 don't need to do 没有必要做
重点解析 ▲ don't need to do 表示“没有必要做”，其中need为实义动词，其后接动词时，须用动词不定式，此外作为实义动词的need后面也可直接加名词，表示“需要……”。
情景对话
Ivan: You don't need to work overtime if you finish your work on time.
Kate: OK. Thank you for telling me this.
伊凡：你若能按时完成工作，就不必加班。
凯特：好的，谢谢你告诉我这个。
触类旁通
don't have to 不必做 don't need sb to do 某人不必做 例句再现
You don't need to apologize to her. 你不需要和她道歉。
You don't need to pretend that you care. 你不用假装很在乎。
I don't need to say how much it means to us. 我不需要说它对我们来说有多重要。
They don't need to do that to make a living. 他们不需要那样做来谋生。
We don't need you to tell us what to do. 我们不需要你来告诉我们怎么做。
022 Don't take it personally. 不要认为是针对你的。
重点解析 ▲ don't take it personally用来告诉对方不要介意、不要往心里去，常翻译为“不要认为是针对你的”。而take it personally则指“认为针对自己”。
情景对话
Grace: The boss seems not very satisfied with my performance.
Helen: Don't take it personally. He was just making a general and negative comment.
格蕾丝：老板似乎对我的表现不太满意。
海伦：别对号入座（不要认为是针对你的），他只是在批评大家。
触类旁通
take everything personally 认为一切都是针对自己的 personally speaking 就个人来说
例句再现
If I said something wrong, don't take it personally. 如果我说错了什么，别往心里去。
He told me he would not take it personally. 他跟我说他不会往心里去的。
It's my first time to do that kind of job; it's hard not to take it personally.我第一次做那种工作，很难认为不是针对我的。
When they said that, they didn't expect you to take it personally.他们那样说时，并不是针对你的。
The key is to learn not to take it personally. 关键是学会不要认为是针对你的。
023 Don't tell me (that)... 别告诉我……
重点解析 ▲ 此为否定祈使句，后接that引导的宾语从句，that可省略，用来表示难以相信对方所说的话或认为对方的话不可理喻。可翻译为“不要告诉我……，我不相信……”。
情景对话
Eden: Don't tell me (that) you failed again!
Eva: Sorry, I have tried my best.
艾登：不要告诉我你又失败了。
伊娃：抱歉，我已经尽力了。
触类旁通
Don't tell me about... 别和我说…… Tell me about it. 你算说对了。 例句再现
Don't tell me (that) you are still seeing each other. 别告诉我你们还在交往。
Don't tell me (that) you like this place. 别告诉我你喜欢这个地方。
Don't tell me (that) he gets the first prize again! 别和我说他又得了第一名。
Don't tell me (that) you don't remember the number. 不要告诉我你不记得号码了。
Don't tell me about it; I'm not interested. 别和我说，我不感兴趣。
024 Don't try to... 不要尝试……
重点解析 ▲ 此为try to的否定形式，用于给予对方警告或让对方注意。try to do sth表示“设法做某事”。
情景对话
Dora: He is in a fit of anger. Don't try to talk sense to him.
Ethan: I see.
多拉：他正在气头上，不要试图和他讲道理。
伊桑：我明白了。
触类旁通
try not to 尽量不要…… try to do without 尽量不要……
例句再现
Don't try to climb over the wall. 不要试图翻墙。
Don't try to trick me into doing it. 别想骗我去做这件事。
Don't try to interfere with other people's work. 不要干扰他人的工作。
Don't try to justify your rude behavior. 不要试图为你粗鲁的行为辩解。
Try not to make her feel lonely. 尽量不要让她感到孤单。
025 Don't you think... ?你不觉得……吗？
重点解析 ▲ don't you think在英语口语中比较常见，常在说完一句话后加上don't you think，以询问对方的意见或委婉地提出不同观点。另外don't you think也可放在句首，引导一般疑问句。
情景对话
Fox: She is the most beautiful girl I've ever seen.
Grant: But she doesn't seem very friendly, don't you think?
福克斯：她是我见过最漂亮的女孩。
格兰特：但是她似乎不太友好，你不觉得吗？
触类旁通
Don't you think (that)... ?你难道不觉得……？ Don't you think so? 你不觉得是这样吗?
例句再现
She shouldn't have said those words to him, don't you think?她不该对他说那些话，你不觉得吗？
Someone may have taken her book by mistake, don't you think?可能是有人误拿了她的书，你觉得呢？
It looks as if the weather is clearing up, don't you think ?天好像要放晴了，你觉得呢？
She was just being polite. Don't you think so ?她只是出于礼貌，你不觉得是这样吗？
Don't you think (that) he should turn to his teachers for help ?你不觉得他应该向老师寻求帮助吗?
026 double-check (sth) 再次确认
重点解析 ▲ double-check中的check表示“检查，核实”，double为副词，表示“两倍地；双重地”，而double-check表示“复核，再次确认”，后接名词或that从句。
情景对话
Eva: I have finished checking out all the figures.
George: Then double-check them; make sure there are no mistakes.
伊娃：我已复核完所有数据了。
乔治：那么再确认一下，确保没有错误。
触类旁通
make a double check 再次检查 check over 核对，仔细检查
例句再现
Check and double-check these data. 要反复检查这些数据。
Double-check that we get everything we need. 再检查一下我们带了所有需要的东西。
I will double-check spelling later. 之后我会再次检查拼写的。
Make a double check before you hand in your exam paper. 交试卷前再检查一下。
He still needed several minutes to check over the notes and correct the mistakes.他还需要几分钟核对笔记，并将错误改正过来。
027 draw (one's) attention to 吸引（某人的）注意力
重点解析 ▲ 该词组中的draw表示“使注意；引起……注意”，“吸引某人的注意”用draw one's attention来表示，to表示方向，即把注意力吸引到某人或某事物上面。
情景对话
Donne: What do you think the child is doing?
Edison: I guess she is trying to draw our attention to her.
多恩：你觉得这个小孩在做什么？
爱迪生：我想她是在吸引我们的注意力吧。
触类旁通
come into notice 引起注意 attract attention 引起注意；醒目
例句再现
He was trying to draw attention to global warming. 他试图引起人们对全球变暖的注意。
This article aims at drawing people's attention to the protection of wild animals.
这篇文章旨在引起人们对保护野生动物的关注。
He deliberately spoke loudly to draw her attention. 他故意大声说话以吸引她的注意。
He didn't set out to draw attention to himself. 他并不是想引人注目。
It's one of her ways to draw attention. 这是她引起他人注意的一种方式。
028 draw back 后退
重点解析 ▲ draw back表示因害怕或厌恶而“后退；退缩”，此外该词组也可以指“收回（诺言等）”。其中back为副词，表示方向。若表示“从……往后退”，则用介词from。
情景对话
Church: I find it hard to do as I have promised.
David: I told you not to make that promise. Don't you think it is a little bit late to draw back?
丘奇：我发现自己难以遵守承诺。
戴维：我告诉过你不要做出那个承诺。你不觉得现在收回承诺为时已晚了吗？
触类旁通
drawback 缺点 back off 后退
back away （为了让出地方或由于害怕而）后退
例句再现
It is not cowardly to draw back at this moment. 现在后退并不是怯懦。
People drew back in alarm when they saw it. 当他们看到时，每个人都因为惊慌而后退。
He drew back to let others have a better view. 他往后退开，让其他人看得更清楚。
She drew back her hands in fear. 她惊恐地抽出手来。
She drew back from the snake when she saw it. 她看到蛇时退了回来。
029 draw near 靠近；临近
重点解析 ▲ draw near可以指空间方位上的“靠近，走进”，也可指时间期限“即将来临，临近”。其后可直接跟名词或代词。
情景对话
Carl: How did she say then?
Cooper: She warned him she would call the police if he drew near.
卡尔：她那时是怎么说的？
库珀：她警告他说如果他靠近，她就报警。
触类旁通
draw nearer/closer（事件或时间）接近，临近 be close to 接近；濒临
例句再现
He drew near to see clearer. 他走近以便看得更清楚。
She drew near him after thinking for a while. 她想了一会儿，向他走了过去。
Autumn is drawing near. 秋天临近了。
With New Year drawing near, stores are crowded with people. 新年临近，商店里挤满了人。
The day is drawing near when we complete the task. 我们完成任务的日子不远了。
030 draw out 掏出；拉长；取款
重点解析 ▲ out作副词，表示“在外，在外面”，因此draw out的基本含义为“掏出，引出”。此外，该短语还可以指“拖长（声音等）；取（款）”。作“取（款）”讲时，draw out相当于withdraw。
情景对话
Cathy: I haven't got a clue about what the poem is about.
Dan: Perhaps you need the teacher's help to draw out the meaning of it.
凯西：我对这首诗的内容一无所知。
丹：或许你需要老师的帮助来揭示其含义。
触类旁通
draw sb out 使某人畅所欲言；使某人愿意交谈
draw out one's potential capacities 发掘某人的潜力
例句再现
The nights start to draw out. 夜晚开始变长。
He drew out some money from the ATM. 他从自动取款机取了一些钱。
We are doing this in order to draw her out. 我们这样做是为了让她开口交谈。
It helps draw out your potential capacities. 它可以帮你发掘你的潜力。
031 drink and drive 酒后驾驶
重点解析 ▲ 动词短语drink and drive指的是“酒后驾车”；另外还可以用缩写DUI表示“酒驾”，即driving under the influence。
情景对话
Carl: You were endangering yourself and other people by drinking and driving.
Conan: I'm terribly sorry about that. I will never do it again.
卡尔：酒后驾驶不仅危及自己的生命，也会给他人的生命安全带来威胁。
科南：非常抱歉，我再也不会这么做了。
触类旁通
drunk/drunken driving 酒后驾车 drink-driving 酒后驾驶
例句再现
He was heavily penalized for drinking and driving. 他因酒驾遭到重罚。
He promised never to drink and drive again. 他保证再也不酒后驾车了。
You are looking for trouble if you drink and drive. 如果酒后驾车，你就是自找麻烦。
He was charged with drunken driving. 他被指控酒后驾车。
032 drop a line 写信，写简信
重点解析 ▲ drop a line意为“写信”，且多指“写简信”。表示“给某人写信”则用drop sb a line，相当于write to sb，write sb a letter。
情景对话
Bart: Do you often drop a line to each other?
Cathy: Not really. But we call each other on the phone occasionally.
巴特：你们经常互通书信吗？
凯西：其实并没有。但是我们有时互通电话。
触类旁通
drop sb a note 给某人写便条 drop a hint 随口说出；给出暗示
例句再现
Drop us a line when you get there. 你到那儿后给我们写封信。
The phone has no signal in this place, so drop me a line.
手机在这个地方没有信号，所以写信给我吧。
I have been here for two months; I must drop a line to my mother.
我已经在这儿两个月了，我必须给我妈妈写封信。
You can drop him a line to thank him for his hospitality. 你可以给他写封信，感谢他的款待。
Would you be kind enough to drop me a note ?你能否给我留个便条？
033 drop by 顺道拜访，造访
重点解析 ▲ drop by表示“顺便访问，顺便到访”，by作副词，意为“经过，走过”。该短语可单独使用，也可以在by后接访问的地点。
情景对话
Billy: I will drop by the bank to withdraw some money.
Cathy: Me too. Let's go together.
比利：我要顺便去银行取点钱。
凯西：我也是，我们一起去吧。
触类旁通
drop in 顺道拜访 pay a visit 进行访问；拜访
例句再现
I will drop by if time permits. 如果时间允许，我会去拜访的。
The manager asked you to drop by his office. 经理让你去他的办公室。
She said she would drop by the day after tomorrow. 她说后天她会来拜访。
We can drop by the cafe on our way back. 回去的路上，我们可以去咖啡馆喝杯咖啡。
Is it convenient for you if I drop by tomorrow ?明天我去拜访你，你方便吗？
034 drop off 减少；使下车；打瞌睡
重点解析 ▲ drop off有多种含义，该短语可以指“减少，下落”，也可表示“打瞌睡；睡着”。另外drop sb off意为“送某人下车”。
情景对话
Beck: You can drop me off at the hotel gate.
Carl: No problem.
贝克：让我在酒店门口下就好了。
卡尔：没问题。
触类旁通
nod off（用于口语中）打盹 doze off 打瞌睡
例句再现
The sales have dropped off due to the economic crisis. 因为经济危机，销量有所下降。
He finally managed to drop off. 他终于能睡一会儿了。
I dropped off and missed the most exciting part. 我打了个盹，错过了最精彩的部分。
The bus will drop you off at the railway station. 这辆公共汽车会送你去火车站。
She was about to doze off when she heard the door open.
她刚要迷迷糊糊睡去时，听见了开门的声音。
035 drop out 淘汰，放弃（学业）
重点解析 ▲ drop out表示“离开，退出（比赛或学校等）”，尤指半途退出，副词out后可接介词of引导的短语，表示“退出……；从……退学”。
情景对话
Anne: Did he go to college?
Bill: No, he didn't. He dropped out in the second year of high school.
安妮：他上大学了吗？
比尔：没有。高二的时候，他就退学了。
触类旁通
drop-out rate 辍学率 dropout 辍学者，退学者
例句再现
You can drop out if you think it's impossible to complete it.
如果你认为无法完成，可以退出。
She dropped out at the age of 17. 17岁的时候，她退学了。
You may drop out as you wish. 如果想退出，你们可以退出。
He had to drop out of the race due to injury. 他因为受伤不得不退出比赛。
The drop-out rate reached a record high in this area. 该地区的辍学率达到历史最高。
NOTE
