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3.7 加工中心加工实例
如图3-7所示为数控铣削加工的凸轮零件图,毛坯已加工,ϕ30H7孔和两端面已加工,材料为20Cr。
图3-7 加工中心加工实例
根据图纸要求,工件以孔ϕ30H7和一个端面作为定位面,在端面上用螺母和垫圈压紧。由于孔ϕ30H7是设计和定位基准,应将对刀点(起刀点)选在ϕ30H7孔中心线上距离工件上表面50mm处,以便于确定刀具与工件的相对位置。
加工工艺路线如下:凸轮轮廓铣削加工(选用ϕ20立铣刀T01,可以通过改变刀具半径补偿量来进行粗加工和精加工);钻、扩、铰4-ϕ13H7孔(ϕ3中心钻T02、ϕ11钻头T03、ϕ12.85扩孔钻T04、ϕ13H7铰刀T05)。
工件坐标原点设置于工件上表面,建立如图3-7所示的工件坐标系,起刀点在工件坐标系中的坐标为(0,0,50)。通过计算可以得到各段圆弧连接点在XY平面上坐标:A(-63.8,0);B(-9.962,-63.017);C(-5.596,-63.746);D(63.999,-0.269);E(63.728,0.03);F(44.805,19.387);G(14.786,59.181);H(-55.618,25.054);I(-62.897,10.697)。
数控加工程序如下:
(1)
O0017; N0010 G92 X0 Y0 Z50; N0020 M06 T01; N0030 G90 G00 Z10; N0040 X-73.8 Y20; N0050 S800 M03; N0060 G43 Z-16 H01 M08; N0070 G42 G01 X-63.8 Y10 F60 D01; N0080 X-63.8 Y0; N0090 G03 X-9.962 Y-63.017 R63.8; N0100 G02 X-5.596 Y-63.746 R175; N0110 G03 X63.999 Y-0.269 R64; N0120 X63.728 Y0.03 R0.3; N0130 G02 X44.805 Y19.387 R21; N0140 G03 X14.786 Y59.181 R46; N0150 X-55.617 Y25.054 R61; N0160 G02 X-62.897 Y10.697 R175; N0170 G03 X-63.8 Y0 R63.8; N0180 G01 X-63.8 Y-10; N0190 G01 G40 X-73.8 Y-20 M09; N0200 G00 G49 Z10 M05; N0210 M06 T02; N0220 G00 X0 Y31.5; N0230 S1000 M03; N0240 G43 Z4 H02 M08; N0250 G98 G90 G81 Z-5 R2 F50; N0260 M98 P0032; N0270 G80 G00 G49 Z10 M05 M09; N0280 M06 T03; N0290 G00 X0 Y31.5; N0300 S600 M03; N0310 G43 Z4 H03 M08; N0320 G99 G81 Z-18 R2 F60; N0330 M98 P0033; N0340 G80 G00 G49 Z10 M05 M09; N0350 M06 T04; N0360 G00 X0 Y31.5; N0370 S500 M03; N0380 G43 Z4 H04; N0390 G99 G81 Z-18 R2 F40; N0400 M98 P0033; N0410 G80 G00 G49 Z10 M05; N0420 M06 T05; N0430 G00 X0 Y31.5; N0440 S500 M03; N0450 G43 Z4 H04; N0460 G99 G81 Z-18 R2 F40; N0470 M98 P0033; N0480 G80 G00 G49 Z10 M05; N0490 G00 X0 Y0 Z50; N0500 M30;
(2)子程序
O0032; N0010 G99 G81 Z-5 R2 X-31.5 Y0 F40; N0020 G81 Z-5 R2 X0 Y-31.5; N0030 G81 Z-5 R2 X31.5 Y0; N0040 M99; O0033; N0010 G99 G81 Z-18 R2 X-31.5 Y0 F40; N0020 G81 Z-18 R2 X0 Y-31.5; N0030 G81 Z-18 R2 X31.5 Y0; N0040 M99;