考研英语词汇强词有理
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List 03

高频词汇篇

005spect,spic=look,see

006fac,fact,fect,fic,fig=make,do

词根005

spect,spic=look,see,表示“.”

see

[si:]

vt.看见;会面;探望;知道,获悉;送行

vt.perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight;imagine;conceive of;see in one’s mind

expect

[ik'spekt]

v.预期;期望,指望

记 [ex-out,pect-see]ex表示“往外”,pect

表示“看”→往外看(过尽千帆皆不是,斜晖脉脉水悠悠,肠断白苹洲。一个思妇眺望远方,渴望自己的丈夫归来)→v.预期,期望→词根spect,spic表示“看”

v.look forward to the probable occurrence

of;regard something as probableorl ikely

类expectation n.预期;期望,指望

例 2013.Part[B]

Social scientists who complain about a lack of fund ing shou ld not expect more in today’s econom ic cl imate.

在现今的经济环境下,抱怨缺乏资金的社会科学家们不应指望能拿到更多的钱。

respect

[rI'spekt]

v.尊敬,尊重n.敬意;问

候;方面

记 [re-again,spect-see]re表示“再次”,spect表示“看”→再次看一个值得尊重的人→v./n.尊重,尊敬

n.the condition of being honored,an attitudeof adm iration or esteem

类respectfula.有礼貌的;恭敬的

例 2015.Text 4

in many respects,the dearth of moral purpose frames not on ly the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.

在很多方面,缺失道德不仅会引发此类大范围的电话窃听,也会影响案件审判的事实根据。

sight

[saIt]

n.视力;望见,瞥见;视域;眼

界;情景,奇观

n.the abil ity to see;the visual facu lty;the range of vision;the act of looking or seeing or observing

类 eyesight n.视力

prospect

['prɒspekt]

n.景色;前景,前途,展望

记 [pro-forward,spect-see]pro表示“往前”,spect为“看”→向前看→n.前景,前途

n.the possibil ity of future success;the visual percept of a region

例 2011.Part[C]

If circumstances always determ ined thelife and prospects of people,then human ity wou ld never have progressed.

假如环境总是决定人们的生活和发展前景,那么人类就永远不会进步。

despite

[dI'spaIt]

prep.不管,不顾n.轻视

n.lack of respect accompan ied by a feel ing of intense d isl ike;contemptuous disregard

类in spite of尽管;不管,不顾

例 2010.Part[B]

Despite variations in detail,wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined—France,Germany,Italy,and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks.

仔细考察法国、德国、意大利和西班牙等国家的批发市场,我们会发现,尽管在细节上存在差异,但构成板块基本相同。

aspect

['æspekt]

n.样子,外表,面貌,(问题等的)方面

记 [a,spect]a理解为“一”,spect为“看”→一打眼就让人看到的东西→n.样子,外貌

n.the visual percept of a region;a d istinct feature or element in a problem

例 2009.Part[B]

Thus,in his view,diverse aspects of cu lture,such as the structure of fam ilies,forms of marriage,categories of kinship,ownership of property,forms of government,technology,and systems of food production,allchanged as societies evolved.

由此可知,摩尔根认为随着社会的进化,文化的不同方面都会改变,其中包括:家庭结构、婚姻形式、亲属关系类型、财产所有权、政府组织形式、技术和食品生产方法等。

appearance

[ə'pIərəns]

n.出现,显露,露面;外观,外貌,外表

记 [appear,ance-n.]appear表“出现”,ance为名词→展现(出现)在外面的→n.出现;外观

n.the act of appearing in publ ic view;outward or visible aspect of a person or thing

类appear vi.出现,显现;显得

d isappear vi.消失,不见

例 2009.Text 3

iron ical ly,the first evidence for this idea appeared in the Un ited States.

讽刺地是,这一观点最先在美国得到证实。

例 2010.Text 1

21.it is indicated in Paragraphs 1 and 2 that____.

[A]arts criticism has disappeared from big- city newspapers

[B]Engl ish-language newspapers used to carry more arts reviews

[C]high-qual ity newspapers retain a large body of readers

[D]young readers doubt the su itabil ity of criticism on dail ies

译文文章第一段和第二段指出____。

[A]艺术评论已从大城市的报纸上消失了

[B]英文报纸过去常常刊载更多的文艺评论

[C]高质量的报纸仍然有大量读者

[D]年轻读者怀疑日报中评论的适宜性

unexpected

['ʌnIk'spektId]

a.想不到的,意外的,

未预料到

记 [un-not,expect,ed]un表示否定,expect为“期待”→没有被期待的→a.让人意想不到的→a.意外的,未预料到的

a.not expected or anticipated;happen ing or com ing qu ickly and without warn ingsuspect

[sə'spekt]

['sʌspekt]

v.猜想;怀疑;察觉

a.可疑的n.嫌疑犯

记 [sus-sub,spect-see]sus为sub,表示“向下”,spect为“看”→往下打量(看)一个人→v.怀疑n.嫌疑犯

n.someone who is under suspicion/v.regard as untrustworthy

例 2015.Text 2

Cal iforn ia has asked the j ustices to refrain from a sweeping ruling,particu larly one that upsets the old assumption that authorities may search through the effects of suspects at the time of their arrest.

加利福尼亚州政府要求法官们避免做出笼统的裁决,尤其是推翻了当局者可以在逮捕时搜查嫌犯的财产这一旧有假设。

perspective

[pə'spektIv]

n.透镜,望远镜;观点,看法;远景,景色;洞察力

记 [per-all,spect-see,ive]per为“全部”,spect为“看”→全部都看到→n.透镜,洞察力;观点;景色

n.the appearance of things relative to one another as determ ined by their distance from the viewer

例 2007.Text 3

From the m idd le-class fam ily perspective,much of this,understandably,looks far less l ike an opportun ity to exercise more financial responsibil ity,and a good deal morelike a frighten ing acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their al ready overbur- dened shou lders.

可以理解的是,从中产阶级家庭的视角来看,多数问题远非一个承担更多经济责任的机会,而更像是一个将财务风险大规模转移到他们已经负担过重的肩膀上的可怕的加速过程。

inspect

[In'spekt]

vt.检查,调查,视察

记 [in-inner,spect-see]in表示“往里”,spect为“看”→看进去,往里看→vt.检查,调查

vt.exam ine carefully for accuracy with the intent of verification;look over carefully

例 2010.Part[B]

Closer inspection reveals important differences a-mong the biggest national markets,especial ly in their customer segments and wholesale struc-tures,as wellas the competitive dynamics of in-dividual food and drink categories.

仔细检查可以揭示国内最大的市场之间存在着重大差异,特别是在客户群体和批发结构以及个别食品和饮料类别之间的竞争动态等方面。

speculate

['spekjuleIt]

vi.思索;推测vt.投机;思索;推测

记 [spec-see,u,late]spec为“看”,late理解为“后”→看完一个现象之后,开始推测背后的原因→v.推测;思索;投机

v.reflect deeply on a subject;invest at a risk

类speculation n.思考,思索;推断,推测;猜测

例 2013.Part[C]

it is specu lated that gardens arise from a basic need in the individuals who made them:the need for creative expression.

据推测,花园的产生源自于建造者的基本需求:对创造性表达的需求。

suspicious

[sə'spIʃəs]

a.可疑 的,多疑 的,疑心的

记 [sus-sub,spic-spect,ious-a.]suspect的形容词形式→a.可疑的;多疑的

a.open ly distrustfuland unwilling to confide

类 suspicion n.怀疑,猜疑;(口)一点儿,少量

respective

[rI'spektIv]

a.各自的,各个的

记 [re,spect,ive-a.]re表“往回”,spect为

“看”→每个人都回头看自己→a.各自的,各个的

a.considered individual ly

seemingly

['si:mIηli]

ad.外观上,表面上

记 [seem ing,ly-ad.]seem ing表示“表面上的”,ly为副词→ad.表面上,外观上

ad.from appearances alone

类seem v.好像,似乎

insight

['InsaIt]

n.洞察力,见识

记 [in-inner,sight-vision]in为“里面”,sight为“看”→看到事物内部的本质→n.洞察力,见识

n.clear or deep perception of a situation;a feel ing of understand ing

类insightfula.有深刻见解的;富有洞察

力的

例 2011.Text 4

it’s no surprise that Jenn ifer Sen ior’s insightfu l,provocative magazine cover story,“iLove My Children,iHate My Life,”is arousing much chatter-nothing gets people tal kinglike the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fu lfilling,l ife-enriching experience.

珍妮弗·西尼尔撰写的见解独到并富于煽动性的杂志封面故事《我爱我的孩子,我讨厌我的生活》引起人们热议,这并不让人觉得意外——没有别的建议可以像这个建议一样能够引起人们讨论了,即抚养孩子长大绝非是一个让人有十足的成就感、丰富生活的经历。

respectable

[rI'spektəbl]

a.值得尊 敬 的;人格高尚的;相当数量的n.可敬的人

记 [respect,able]respect表示“尊敬”,able为“能够”→值得人们尊敬的→a.值得尊敬的,人格高尚的

a.characterized by proper behavior or con-ventional conduct;worthy of respect;deserv-ing of esteem and respect

2011.Text 1

22.Tommasin iregards Gilbert as an artist who is____.

[A]infl uential[B]modest

[C]respectable[D]talented

译文托马西尼把吉尔伯特看作是一位艺术家____。

[A]有影响力的[B]谦逊的

[C]可敬的[D]有才能的

conspicuous

[kən'spIkjuəs]

a.显眼的,明显的

记 [con-together,spic-see,uous-a.]con表示“一起”,spic为“看”,uous形容词→大家一起看的→a.明显的,显眼的

a.obvious to the eye or m ind;without any attempt at conceal ment;completely obviousretrospect

['retrəspekt]

v./n.回顾,回想,追溯

记 [retro-return,spect-see]retro前缀为“返回”,spect词根为“看”→返回来看→v./n.回顾,回想

n.contemplation of things past/v.look back upon

despise

[dI'spaIz]

v.轻视,蔑视

记 [de-down,spis-spic,e]de表“往下”,spis为“看”→往下看某个“可鄙的事物”→v.轻视,蔑视

v.look down on with disdain

sightseeing

['saItsi:Iη]

n.观光,游览

记 [sight,see,ing-n.]sight表示“景色”,see为“看”,ing为名词→看景色→n.观光,游览

词根006

fac,fact,fect,fic,fig=make,do,表示“.,制作

fact

[fækt]

n.事实,实际

n.a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened

类factual a.事实的;真实的

in fact事实上

effect

[I'fɛkt]

n.影响;效果;作用vt.产

生;达到目的

记 [ef-out,fect-make]ef理解为out,fect为“做”→把事情做出来,产生效果→n.影响,效果;作用

n.a phenomenon that fol lows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

类effective a.有效的,生效的;被实施

的;给人深刻印象的

例 2012.Text 1

23.in the author’s view,Rosenberg’s book fails to____.

[A]adequately probe social and biological factors

[B]effectively evade the flaws of the social cure

[C]illustrate the functions of state fund ing

[D]produce a long-lasting social effect

译文在作者看来,罗森堡的书没有____。

[A]充分探究社会和生物因素

[B]有效地规避社会治疗的不足

[C]举例说明州政府资助的作用

[D]产生持久的社会影响

effectiveness

[I'fek'tIvnIs]

n.效力

记 [effective,ness-n.]effective形容词,表示“有效的,生效的”,ness名词后缀→n.效力

n.power to be effective;the qual ity of being able to bring about an effect

例 2012.Text 1

But on the general effectiveness of the social cure,Rosenberg is less persuasive.

但是从社会治疗的整体效力来看,罗森堡就不再那么有说服力了。

possible

['pɒsəbl]

a.可能的;做得到的;合理

的;可允许的

a.capable of happen ing or existing;capable of being imagined

类possibly ad.可能地,也许;无论如何

例 2007.Text 2

Superhigh scoreslike vos Savant’s are no longer possible,because scoring is now based on a statistical popu lation d istribution among age peers,rather than simply d ivid ing the mental age by the chronological age and mu ltiplying by 100.

像萨万特那样的超高分数已不再可能出现了,因为现在的评分会基于同龄人人数分布,而不是单纯地用心理年龄除以实际年龄再乘以100算得。

factor

['fæktə(r)]

n.因素,要素

记 [fact-make,or-n.]词根fact表“做”,or为名词后缀→促使人们做事情的东西→n.因素,要素

n.anything that contributes causal ly to a resu lt,an abstract part of something

例 2012.Text 1

JointheClub is fil led with too much irrelevant detail and not enough exploration of the social and biological factors that make peer pressureso powerfu l.

《加入俱乐部》一书中有太多的不相关信息,而且也没有足够的探索使朋辈压力如此强大的社会和血亲因素。

office

['ɒfIs]

n.办公室,办事处;职务,公职;.,.,

记 [off-intensive,fic-do,e]off表加强程度“去”,词根fic为“做”→去办公(做事情)的地方→n.办公室,部;局

n.place of business where professional or clerical duties are performed;an adm in istra-tive un it of government

类officer n.官员,办事员;工作人员;军官

例 2016.Text 2

The sensible place to bu ild new houses,factories and offices is where people are,in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place.

新住房、工厂和办公楼合适的建造位置应该是有人的地方,在基础设施到位的城镇。

affect

[ə'fekt]

vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭;感动

n.情感,感情

记 [aff-intensive,fect-do]aff表加强程度,fect为“做”→使别人跟着一起去做事情→vt.影响,侵袭

vt.have an effect upon;have an emotional or cogn itive impact upon

类 affection n.爱,喜爱;爱慕之情;感情;疾病,不适

例 2010.Text 3

For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people haslittle to dowith the initial influential.

然而,每一次社会流行潮的出现,需要每一个受到影响的人去影响他们的熟人,这些受影响的熟人继而再去影响自己的熟人,如此延续下去;而到底有多少人会注意到这些人,则跟最初那位有影响力的人并无多大关系。

figure

['fIgə(r)]

n.体形;轮廓;数字;图形

v.描绘;计算;推测

记 [fig-do,ure-n.]fig词根为“做”,ure后缀表名词→东西制作出来的外观→n.体型;轮框v.计算,推测

n.a model of a bod ily form/v.j udge to be probable

例 2010.Part[B]

Overal l,Europe’s wholesale market for food and drink is growing at the same sl uggish pace as the retail market,but the figures,when added together,mask two opposing trends.

总的来说,欧洲食品饮料批发市场的增长速度同零售市场一样行动迟缓,但若把两类数据相加,却掩盖了两种相反的消费趋势。

efficient

[I'fIʃənt]

a.效率高的;有效率的;有能力的;生效的

记 [eff-out,fic-do,ient-a.]eff前缀为“往外”,fic词根为“做”→往外做出来的→

a.有效的;有能力的

a.being effective without wasting time or effort or expense

类efficiency n.效率;功效

例 2011.Text 3(2)

M ies’s sophisticated presentation masked the fact that the spaces he designed were smalland efficient,rather than big and often empty.

米斯精细的设计藏拙了这样一个事实,即他所设计的空间小而有效,不是大而空旷。

sufficient

[sə'fIʃənt]

a.(for)足够的,充分的

记 [suf-down,fic-do,ient-a.]suf为“下面”,fic为“做”→在下面提前做好充足的准备→a.足够的,充分的

a.being effective without wasting time or effort or expense;able to accompl ish a purpose

例 2011.Text 3

in such a case,the company’s response may not be sufficiently qu ick or thoughtfu l,and the learn ing curve has been steep.

在这种情况下,公司的反应也许不够迅速或考虑得不够周全,但能迅速学会如何应对。

feature

['fi:tʃə(r)]

n.特征;容貌;特色;特

v.以……为特色

n.the characteristic parts of a person’s face;a prom inent aspect of something

例 2007.Part[C]

However,on ly in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Cana-d ian un iversities.

然而,仅仅在最近的几年里,它已经成了加拿大大学课程的一个特色。

factory

['fæktri]

n.工厂;制造厂;代理店

记 [fact-do,ory-place]fact为“做”,ory为“地点”→做东西的场所→n.工厂;制造厂;代理店

n.a plant consisting of one or more bu ild ings with facil ities for manufacturing

近plant n.工厂,车间;植物;庄稼;设备

例 2009.Text 3

Yet the research revealed that the U.S.factories of Honda,Nissan,and Toyota achieved about 95 percent of the productivity of their Japanese counterparts—a resu lt of the train ing that U.S.workers received on the job.

然而研究结果透露,若美国工人接受在岗培训,在美国境内的本田、尼桑和丰田的生产工厂可以达到日本境内工厂生产率的95%。

official

[ə'fIʃl]

n.官员,行政官员a.官方的,正式的

记 [offic-office,ial-a.]offic为“办公室,官方”,ial为形容词→办公室里的,一般都很正式→a.官方的,正式的n.官员

n.a worker who holds or is invested with an office/a.having official authority or sanction

例 2012.Text 1

But in her new book JointheClub,Tina Rosenberg contends that peer pressure can also be a positive force through what she cal ls the social cure,in which organ izations and officials use the power of group dynam ics to hel p individuals improve theirlives and possi-bly the world.

但是在她的新书《加入俱乐部》中,蒂娜·罗森堡主张,通过她称之为社会治疗的方法,朋辈压力也可以成为一种积极的力量。在其中,政府组织及官员使用集体的力量去帮助人们改善他们的生活,并有可能改变世界。

possibil ity

['pɒsə'bIlətI]

n.可能,可能性;可能的事,希望

记 [possible,ity]possbile的名词形式→n.可能;可能性

n.capabil ity of existing or happen ing or being true;a possible alternative

例 2016.Text 3

Their analysis ru led out the possibil ity that it was firm’s pol itical infl uence,rather than their CSR stand,that accounted for the len iency:Compan ies that contributed more to pol itical campaigns d id not receive lower fines.

他们的分析排除了公司政治影响而非企业社会责任的立场导致从轻处罚的可能性:对政治运动贡献更多的公司被处以的罚金并没有更少。

perfect

['pз:fIkt]

a.完善的;完全的;[

]完成的v.使完美

记 [per-all,fect-do]前缀表示“全部”,fect词根为“做”→全部都做完,不留任何遗憾→a.完美的v.使完美

a.being complete of its kind and without defect or blem ish

类 perfection n.尽善尽美,完美

perfectly ad.完美地;完全地

例 2016.Part[C]

Although mental health is the cure-allforliving ourlives,it is perfecting ordinary as you wil l see that it has been there to direct you through allyour difficu lt decisions.

虽然心理健康是我们日常生活中的万应灵药,但是它非常普通,因为你将看到它一直就在那里,指引着你去做所有困难的决定。

fiction

['fIkʃn]

n.虚构,编造;小说

记 [fic-do,tion-n.]fic词根,表示“做”,后缀tion为名词→“做”出来的故事→n.小说,虚构

n.aliterary work based on the imaginationand not necessarily on fact;a del iberately false or improbable account

例 2013.Text 3

33.Which of the fol lowing is true accord ing to Paragraph 5?

[A]Arc hel ps lim it the scope of futurologi- cal studies.

[B]Technology offers sol utions to social problems.

[C]The interest in science fiction is on the rise.

[D]Our immed iate future is hard to con- ceive.

译文根据第五段内容,以下哪一项是正确的?

[A]《弧形》有助于限制未来学的研究范围。

[B]科技为社会问题提供了解决办法。

[C]人们对科幻小说的兴趣正在增加。

[D]很难构想人类眼下的将来。

infect

[In'fekt]

vt.传染,感染;影响(思想等)

记 [in-inner,fect-make/do]in表“里面”,fect为do→做(作用)到了里面→vt.传染,影响

vt.contam inate with ideas or an ideology;affect in a contagious way

类infectious a.传染的,传染性的,有感染力的

faculty

['fæklti]

n.才能;学院,.;(学院或系的)全体教学人员

记 [fac-do,ulty-n.]fac词根,表示“做”,ulty为名词→全体做事情的劳动人员→n.全体教学人员

n.one of the inherent cogn itive or perceptual powers of the m ind;the body of teachers and adm in istrators at a school

类 panel n.仪表板;嵌板;座谈小组,全体陪审员

beneficial

['benI'fIʃl]

a.有益的,有利的

记 [bene-good,fic-do,ial-a.]bene词根为“好”,fic为“做”→做出来的,效果较好的→a.有益的,有利的

a.promoting or enhancing wel l-being;tend-ing to promote physical wel l-being;beneficial to health

facility

[fə'sIləti]

n.工具;设施,设备

记 [facile,ity]fac词根,表示“做”→facile表“能做到的”→facil ity为做事情需要的东西→n.工具,设施,设备

n.a building or place that provides a particu lar service or is used for a particu lar industry

facil itate

[fə'sIlIteIt]

v.使变得(.)容易;使便利;推动;帮助;促进

记 [facile-facil ity-facil itate]fac词根为“做”,ate后缀动词→使复杂的东西让任何人都可以做→v.使容易

v.make easier/increase the likel ihood of(a response)

affectionate

[ə'fekʃənət]

a.慈爱的,充满深情的,温柔亲切的

记 [affection,ate-a.]affection为“喜欢”,ate为形容词→a.慈爱的;充满深情的

a.having or displaying warmth or affectiondefect

['di:fekt][dI'fekt]

n.过失;缺点;不足

vt.叛变

记 [de-bad,fect-do]de表示“变坏”,fect为“做”→一个“做坏了”的东西,是有缺点的→n.缺点,不足

n.an imperfection in a bodily system;a mark or flaw that spoils the appearance of something(especial ly on a person’s body)

近 deficiency n.缺乏,不足;缺点,缺陷flaw n.瑕疵,缺点vt.使无效

例 2012.Text 1

The most glaring flaw of the social cure as it’s presented here is that it doesn’t work very wellfor very long.Rage Against the Haze failed once state fund ing was cut.

正如这里所呈现的,社会治疗最明显的不足就是它不能长期地起到良好的效果。国家投资一停止,“向雾霾怒吼”运动就失败了。

defective

[dI'fektIv]

a.有缺陷的;不完美的

n.有缺陷的人;不完全变化词

记 [defect,ive-a.]defect为“缺点”,ive为形容或名词→有缺陷→a.有缺陷的n.有缺陷的人

a.marked ly subnormal in structure or function or intelligence or behavior;not working properly

类 defectiveness n.有缺陷;缺乏

feasible

['fi:zəbl]

a.可行的;切实可行的;行得通的;可用的

记 [feas-fact,ible-a.]feas词根为“做”,ible为形容词,表“能够”→能够做的→a.可行的;切实可行的

a.capable of being done with means at hand and circumstances as they are

类unfeasible a.难实施的,不能实行的

例 2010.Part[B]

Moreover,average overallmargins are higherin wholesale than in retail;wholesale demand from the food service sector is growing qu ick-ly as more Europeans eat out more often;and changes in the competitive dynam ics of this fragmented industry are at last making it fea-sible for wholesalers to consol idate.

而且,批发行业整体平均利润高于零售业务;由于有越来越多的欧洲人越来越频繁地外出就餐,来自食品服务业的批发需求快速增长;最终,低集中度产业竞争的动态变化使批发商之间的联合成为可能。

proficient

[prə'fIʃnt]

a.熟练的,精通的n.精通;专家,能手

记 [pro-before,fic-do,ient-a.]pro为“提前”,fic为“做”→提前做过,以前做过→a.精通的n.专家

a.having or showing knowledge and skilland aptitude

类 proficiency n.(in)熟练,精通

probable

['prɒbəbl]

a.很可能的,大概的;有希望的,可能的

a.l ikely but not certain to be or become true or real;apparently destined

类probabil ity n.可能性,可能发生的事