四级词汇分级应用大全
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List 2

07

0580 battle [ˈbætl]

n. 战斗

We must fight this battle through to victory. 我们必须把这次战斗打到最终胜利。

0581 amaze [əˈmeɪz]

v. 使…惊奇,使…诧异

It never ceases to amaze me that the candidates that spend the most money on media ads get our vote. 总能让我感到诧异的是,在媒体广告上投入最多的候选人会获得我们的选票。

0582 exact [ɪgˈzækt]

adj. 1 准确的 2 精密的

When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. 当短文读到第二遍的时,你需要用你刚才听到的单词填空。

0583 exactly [ɪgˈzæktli]

adv. 确切地,正好

Each corner had a guard tower, each of which was exactly ten metres in height. 每个角落都有一座警戒塔,每座塔都正好10米高。

0584 settle [ˈsetl]

v. 1 解决 2 定居

The ancient way to settle a quarrel was to choose a leader from each side and let them fight it out. 古时候人们解决争端的方式是双方各选出一个领袖,让他们俩一决雌雄。

0585 prevent [prɪˈvent]

v. 阻止;阻挠

No one I know came up with any reliable way to prevent the crushing pain but some books say to try stretching exercising and warm baths. 没有一个人想出任何可靠的方法来抑制这种剧痛,但一些书中说可以尝试伸展运动和热水浴。

0586 discovery [dɪˈskʌvəri]

n. 发现

The Hubble Telescope allowed astronomers to make significant discoveries about our galaxy.哈勃望远镜让天文学家在银河系中有了重大发现。

0587 educate [ˈedʒʊkeɪt]

v. 教育

Becoming educated should not require giving up joy but rather lead to finding joy in new kinds of things. 接受教育不应该是放弃快乐,而是要从新的事物中找到乐趣。

0588 educator [ˈedʒʊkeɪtə]

n. 教育工作者

Confucius was a great philosopher, an educator, a politician, as well as the founder of Confucianism, which still has a tremendous influence over people today. 孔子是中国古代伟大的哲学家、教育家、政治家,也是儒学的创始人。儒家思想至今仍对人们有着重大的影响。

0589 appearance [əˈpɪərəns]

n. 1 出现 2 外貌

The lady is not so careful about her appearance. 这位女士不是很在意自己的相貌。

0590 current [ˈkʌrənt]

adj. 目前的

More than 80 per cent of Americans believe that their current family is as close as the one in which they grew up, or closer. 超过80%的美国人认为,他们目前的家庭关系和他们的原生家庭一样亲密,或者更亲密一些。

0591 currently [ˈkʌrəntli]

adv. 当前

Tobacco use continues to expand, especially in the developing world, where currently half of the deaths due to tobacco occur. 烟草使用仍在继续扩散,尤其在发展中国家,目前由烟草造成的死亡半数发生在那里。

0592 honour [ˈɒnə]

n. 荣誉;荣幸;尊敬

v. 尊重(某人)

Though he gained so much honour, he said he was only a scientist humbly. 虽然已获得如此多的荣誉,他仍谦虚地称自己只是位科学工作者。

0593 brilliant [ˈbrɪliənt]

adj. 绝妙的

Her brilliant performance redeemed the concert from complete failure. 她的精彩表演使这场音乐会免遭彻底失败。

0594 wealthy [ˈwelθi]

adj. 富裕的

Because many believe that they, or at least their children, will eventually be wealthy, voting for taxes on the rich may feel like voting for taxes on themselves. 因为许多人相信他们或者至少他们的孩子最终能够成为富人,所以投票支持对富人征税就好像投票支持对自己征税一样。

0595 wealth [welθ]

n. 财富

One should not equate wealth with happiness. 人们不应把财富等同于幸福。

0596 prove [pruːv]

v. 证明

As a composer he proved himself adept at large dramatic forms. 身为作曲家,他证明了自己在创作大型戏剧方面的卓越能力。

0597 affordable [əˈfɔːdəbl]

adj. 买得起的

“This time, there is no debate about whether all Americans should have quality, affordable health care,” said Barack Obama. 贝拉克·奥巴马说:“这一次,关于是否所有美国人都应该享受优质的、负担得起的医疗保险问题,再无争议。”

0598 visual [ˈvɪʒʊəl]

adj. 视觉的

Music, mime and visual imagery play a strong part in the productions. 音乐、动作和视觉影像都会对影视作品产生重大影响。

0599 soul [səʊl]

n. 心灵,灵魂

He dedicated himself body and soul to the education of young men. 他全身心地投入到了对年轻人的教育事业中。

0600 claim [kleɪm]

v. 1 声称 2 宣称对…的所有权

n. 1 声称 2 所有权

The product claims that it can make you thin without dieting. 该产品声称能够让你不节食也可以瘦下来。

0601 economic [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk]

adj. 经济上的;经济学的

In the current economic climate, we must keep costs down. 在当前的经济形势下,我们必须保持低成本。

0602 economy [ɪˈkɒnəmi]

n. 经济

Workers of every rank are told these days that wide-ranging curiosity and continuous learning are vital to thriving in the modern economy. 如今各个层次的工作者都被告知,广泛的好奇心和持续学习是在现代经济形势下取得成就的关键。

0603 economist [ɪˈkɒnəmɪst]

n. 经济学家

James Heckman, the Nobel Prize-winning economist, has examined how the returns on education break down for individuals with different backgrounds and levels of ability. 诺贝尔奖得主经济学家詹姆斯·赫克曼,针对教育回报率在不同背景和不同能力水平的人群中的分布做过调查。

0604 economics [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks]

n. 经济学

The idea is to spread social democracy and economics outwards from Europe. 该观点主张将欧洲的社会民主和经济制度向外传播。

0605 economical [ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl]

adj. 经济的,节省的

The survey results suggest that the magic of air travel has been replaced by travellers’ desire to reach destinations at the most economical price. 调查结果显示,航空旅行已魅力不再,取而代之的是旅行者要以最经济的价格抵达目的地的愿望。

0606 production [prəˈdʌkʃn]

n. 生产;产量

Increasing water shortages prove to be the biggest obstacle to boosting the world’s grain production. 日益严重的水资源短缺已被证明是阻碍全球粮食产量增长的最大障碍。

0607 productive [prəˈdʌktɪv]

adj. 1 富有成效的 2 多产的

Instead of trying to get children to work hard, why not focus on getting them to take pleasure in meaningful, productive activity, like making things, working with others, exploring ideas, and solving problems? 与其力图让孩子努力学习,为什么不集中精力让他们乐于做有意义的、富有成效的活动呢,比如手工制作、与他人合作、探索思想和解决问题 ?

0608 productivity [ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvɪti]

n. 生产率

The greatest savings in time and productivity can come from how and where you work. 能否最大限度地节约时间和提高生产效率取决于你怎样工作、在哪里工作。

0609 producer [prəˈdjuːsə]

n. 生产商

A working woman may face a crushing “poverty of time” and look for help elsewhere, creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals, child-care centres, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like. 职业女性可能面临严重的“时间不足”,进而从其他地方寻求帮助,这就为冷冻食品生产商、儿童托管中心、干洗店和金融服务等类似产业创造了商机。

0610 growth [grəʊθ]

n. 1 成长 2 增长

Thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert to forest or wilderness. 由于人口增长放缓,当前已经耕种过的土地可能还有机会恢复成为森林或荒原。

0611 skeleton [ˈskelɪtn]

n. 1 骨架 2 提纲;框架

The traditional textbook merely serves as a skeleton here, and you need to do a lot of extra reading. 在这里,传统教科书只是作为一个提纲,你需要额外做大量阅读。

0612 thumb [θʌm]

n. 拇指

“Central banks hate doing that because it puts them more under the thumb of the finance ministry,” he said. 他说:“央行都不喜欢这样做,因为这会使它们更多地受制于财政部。”

0613 opera [ˈɒpərə]

n. 歌剧

Do we have to get the opera tickets in advance? 我们是否要提前把歌剧门票买好?

0614 rocky [ˈrɒki]

adj. 岩石的

No man has ever set foot on that rocky island; it’s impossible to land there. 没人涉足过那个岩岛,不可能到达那里。

0615 profit [ˈprɒfɪt]

n. 1 利润 2 好处;利益

Some fast-food companies sacrificed their own profits by trying to give customers better value. 一些快餐公司试图带给客户更好的价值感,牺牲了自己的利润。

0616 profitable [ˈprɒfɪtəbl]

adj. 赢利的;有益的

Breakfast has the potential to be very profitable because the margins can be high. 早餐有可能成为非常有利可图的产品,因为早餐的利润率可以很高。

0617 nonprofit [nɒnˈprɒfɪt]

adj. 非营利的

EdX is a nonprofit enterprise founded by Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to offer courses on the Internet. EdX是一家由哈佛大学和麻省理工学院 (MIT) 共同创建的非营利性机构,在互联网上提供课程。

0618 increasingly [ɪnˈkriːsɪŋli]

adv. 越来越

Across the rich world, well-educated people increasingly work longer than the less-skilled. 在发达国家,受过良好教育的人要比那些缺乏技能的人工作更长时间。

0619 frequently [ˈfriːkwəntli]

adv. 频繁地

In a severe recession, while some people trade down to fast food, many others eat at home more frequently to save money. 在严重的经济衰退期间,有些人会转而去吃快餐,还有很多人会比以前更常在家吃饭来节省开支。

0620 frequent [ˈfriːkwənt]

adj. 频繁的

Some people suffer from repeated, frequent headaches. 有些人会反复、经常性地头痛。

0621 origin [ˈɒrɪdʒɪn]

n. 1 起源 2 身世

The origins of universities can be traced back to the 12th to 14th centuries. 大学的起源可以追溯到12到14世纪。

0622 indicate [ˈɪndɪkeɪt]

v. 指出;表明;暗示

It can be a little confusing the first time you try this, so we describe each step below and indicate where to pay special attention. 初次尝试时可能让人有些迷惑,因此我们在下面对每一步进行了描述,并指出了要特别注意的地方。

0623 indicator [ˈɪndɪkeɪtə]

n. 指示物,指标

The answer is that the economic indicators have a basic fault: they show no difference between resource uses that sustain progress and those uses that will hurt it. 答案是经济指标有一个基本缺陷:没有对维持增长的资源利用和那些会伤害经济增长的资源利用进行区分。

0624 indication [ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn]

n. 迹象;标志

Some students have this mind-set believing having to work hard is an indication of low ability. 一些学生抱有这种想法,认为需要努力学习是能力低下的表现。

0625 forecast [ˈfɔːkɑːst ]

n. / v. 预测;预报

We need to be able to forecast events weeks or months ahead of their occurrence so people can mitigate their worst impacts. 我们需要能够提前几个星期或几个月预测到这些事件,以便人们能够减缓这些事件的最坏影响。

0626 blame [bleɪm]

v. 责怪;把…归咎于

n. 指责

The blame for this accident attaches to the man who destroyed the signal. 这次事故归咎于那个破坏信号的人。

0627 region [ˈriːdʒn]

n. 地区

The immediate problem is poverty. Most of Africa is urbanising at a lower level of income than other regions of the world did. 饥饿问题迫在眉睫。非洲大部分地区都在以低于世界其他区域的收入水平进行着城市化。

0628 regional [ˈriːdʒənl]

adj. 地区的,区域的

“Our target audience was males aged 17 to 25,” says Marcus Spurrell, Adidas regional manager for Asia. 阿迪达斯亚洲区经理马库斯·斯珀雷尔说:“我们的目标受众是年龄在17至25岁之间的男性。”

0629 direction [dɪˈrekʃn]

n. 1 方向 2 说明,指南

While it may be common for university researchers to try their luck in the commercial world, there is very little traffic in the opposite direction. 尽管大学研究人员在商界试试运气的现象可能很普遍,但商业人士到大学里工作的现象却少之又少。

0630 former [ˈfɔːmə]

adj. 以前的;前

To achieve the objective, we should change the former faulty understanding of development.为了实现这一目标,我们应该改变以前对发展的错误理解。

0631 formerly [ˈfɔːməli]

adv. 以前

The planet can today support far more people than it could formerly, and the potential exists for everyone to be rich. 现在我们的星球可以养活比以前多得多的人,并且人人富裕是有可能实现的。

0632 trick [trɪk]

n. 花招,骗局

v. 欺骗;欺诈

Today’s shaky economy is likely to produce many more such tricks. 今天摇摇欲坠的经济形势下可能会产生更多类似的骗局。

0633 tricky [ˈtrɪki]

adj. 1 难办的,棘手的 2 诡计多端的

Regulating sugar will prove particularly tricky because it goes beyond health concerns; sugar, for so many people, is love. 对糖进行管制会特别棘手,因为它超越了健康范畴;糖对很多人来说,就是爱。

0634 soil [sɔɪl]

n. 土,土壤

We must restore forests and soils to reverse the environmental trend here. 为了扭转这里的环境恶化趋势,我们必须恢复森林和土壤。

0635 protein [ˈprəʊtiːn]

n. 蛋白质

In spring, chickens start laying again, bringing a welcome source of protein at winter’s end. So it’s no surprise that cultures around the world celebrate spring by honouring the egg. 春天,鸡又开始生蛋,在冬季结束时开始给人们提供蛋白质来源。因此,世界各地的文化中通过供奉鸡蛋来庆祝春天的到来就不奇怪了。

0636 reshape [ˌriːˈʃeɪp]

v. 重塑;改变…的形状 / 结构

If there is any good to come out of these crises, it is that we have an unprecedented opportunity to reshape the rules and institutions that guide the international economy. 如果说这些危机可以带来什么好处的话,那就是我们有一个空前的良机,去重塑那些指引国际经济的规则和机制。

0637 average [ˈævərɪdʒ]

adj. 平均的;普通的

n. 平均水平

Americans eat out nearly four times a week on average. 美国人平均每周在外就餐近4次。

0638 income [ˈɪnkʌm]

n. 收入

A law passed recently allows many students to pay no more than one tenth of their income for their college loans. 最近通过了一项法规,允许很多学生用不超过自己收入十分之一的部分去偿还助学贷款。

0639 load [ləʊd]

n. 1 负荷 2 负担

v. 把…装入;承载

High blood pressure imposes an extra load on the heart. 高血压会给心脏增加额外的负担。

0640 benefit [ˈbenɪfɪt]

v. 对…有益

n. 利益,好处

American parents are becoming more doubtful about the benefits technology is said to bring to their children. 据说科技会给孩子带来益处,但是美国的家长们现在却越来越怀疑这一点。

0641 jewellery [ˈdʒuːəlri]

n. 珠宝

When Ratner took over his father’s chain of 130 jewellery shops in 1984, he introduced a very clear company policy. 1984年,拉特纳在接管他父亲的130家珠宝连锁店时,提出了一项非常明确的公司政策。

0642 duration [djʊˈreɪʃn]

n. 持续时间

Sleep duration has declined from some 8 hours in the 1950s to 7 in recent years. 睡眠时间已从20世纪50年代的约8小时减少至近年来的7小时。

0643 legal [ˈliːɡl]

adj. 合法的

Foreign ownership of forests is legal in Japan. 在日本,外国人拥有森林是合法的。

0644 illegal [ɪˈliɡl]

adj. 违法的

Owners of films, music and computer games obviously have to protect their rights and prevent illegal copying, otherwise everyone would get all sorts of content for free. 电影、音乐和电脑游戏的所有者显然应该保护自己的权利,防止非法复制,否则每个人都能免费获取各种内容了。

0645 communication [kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn]

n. 交流;沟通

People with effective communication skills and the ability to work individually or as a part of the team are welcome. 欢迎有较强沟通能力、能独立工作或具有团队协作精神的人加入我们。

0646 communicate [kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt]

v. 1 交流,沟通 2 传达

According to surveys, employers have expressed a preference for students who have received a broadly-based education that has taught them to write well, think critically, research creatively, and communicate easily. 调查显示,雇主更喜欢受过广泛教育的学生。这种教育教会他们有效写作、批判性思考、创造性研究,以及顺畅地沟通。

0647 industrial [ɪnˈdʌstriəl]

adj. 工业的

Scholars generally agree with the idea that inequality in the information society is fundamentally different from that of an industrial society. 学者们一致同意:信息化社会中的不平等与工业化社会中的不平等有本质上的区别。

0648 industrialisation [ɪnˌdʌstriəlaɪˈzeɪʃn]

n. 工业化

When the frontier vanished about a century ago, America found new economic mobility in industrialisation. 约100年前当边远地区消失(所有地区都已开发),美国人在工业化中找到了新的经济流动性。

0649 valley [ˈvæli]

n. 1 山谷 2 流域

The Nile Valley keeps a temperate climate throughout the year. 尼罗河流域一年四季气候温和。

0650 bubble [ˈbʌbl]

n. 气泡

There are differences between today and the dotcom bubble of a decade ago. 今天的情形与十年前的互联网泡沫有许多不同点。

0651 regard [rɪˈgɑːd]

v. 看待;将…视为

n. 1 注意 2 尊重

The last announcement of a new iPhone by Tim Cook was generally regarded as competent but uninspiring. 上一次由蒂姆·库克发布的新一代iPhone手机被认为有竞争力但不具有启发性。

0652 regardless [rɪˈgɑːdləs]

adv. 不顾;不加理会

Regardless of how it’s sold, the popularity of bottled water taps into our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated, and even a longing for lost purity. 不管瓶装水的营销方式如何,它都是利用了我们对健康的追求、对个人修养的期望,甚至是对失去的纯真的渴望才流行起来的。

0653 romantic [rəʊˈmæntɪk]

adj. 浪漫的

If you ask Japanese students to list the positive attributes they expect in a romantic partner, they rate highly things like loyalty, commitment and devotion. 如果你让日本学生列出他们期望情侣具有的积极品质,他们大部分会列出忠诚、奉献、投入等。

0654 grassy [ˈgrɑːsi]

adj. 长满草的

The girl walks to the end of the city centre where she sees a dirt path that leads up a grassy hill. 小女孩走出了市中心,在那里,她看到一条土路一直通向一个长满草的小山丘。

0655 agreement [əˈgriːmənt]

n. 1 一致 2 同意 3 协议;一致意见

Outgoing and sympathetic people are often better at negotiating an agreement, aren’t they? 外向且富有同情心的人往往更善于谈判达成协议,是吗?

0656 agreeable [əˈɡriəbl]

adj. 1 和善的 2 怡人的

Agreeable people boost your confidence and allow you to relax and feel comfortable. 和善的人能激发你的自信,让你感到放松和舒适。

0657 astronaut [ˈæstrənɔːt]

n. 宇航员

Time slows down more as you move faster, which means astronauts someday may survive so long in space that they would return to an earth of the distant future. 你移动的速度越快,时间就会放慢越多。这意味着,宇航员有一天可能在太空中生存很久,以至于他们回到地球时,已是很远的未来。

0658 mathematics [ˌmæθəˈmætɪks]

n. 数学

Faraday used no mathematics at all to prove his rule. 法拉第根本没有用到数学就证明了他的定律。

0659 mathematician [ˌmæθəməˈtɪʃn]

n. 数学家

In his old age, the mathematician developed a fantastic enthusiasm in anthropology. 老年时期,那位数学家对人类学产生了极大的热情。

0660 separate [ˈsepəreɪt]/[ˈsepərət]

v. (使)分开;分离;划分

adj. 分开的;独立的

When you live in an apartment building, where only wall separates you from your neighbours, everyone needs to be considerate of each other. 如果你是住在公寓大楼里,你和你的邻居只有一墙之隔,那么每个人都需要互相体谅。

0661 separately [ˈsepərətli]

adv. 分别地

The new couple choose to keep their money separately. 这对新婚夫妇选择分别保管自己的钱。

0662 separation [ˌsepəˈreɪʃn]

n. 分开,分离;隔离;分居

What’s less clear is whether divorce and separation rates rise in a recession—financial pressures mean couples argue more but make splitting up less affordable. 经济萧条时离婚和分居的比例是否会升高并不十分明确。经济压力使得夫妻更经常争吵,但也让分开更难以承担。

0663 shelter [ˈʃeltə]

n. 1 遮蔽 2 住所 3 防空洞

v. 1 保护 2 躲避

The organisation says that animals must have food, water, shelter, health care and the ability to reproduce. 该组织表示,动物必须有食物、水、栖息处、医疗保健和繁殖能力。

0664 symbol [ˈsɪmbl]

n. 符号

Many people mistakenly believe that money is a symbol of a person’s status. 许多人错误地认为,金钱是一个人地位的象征。

0665 symbolise [ˈsɪmbəlaɪz]

v. 象征

The sword hasn’t had a military function for a hundred years, but is still part of an officer’s full-dress uniform, precisely because a sword always symbolised “an officer and a gentleman.”剑不具备军事功能已经一百年了,但它仍是军官的正式制服的组成部分,正是因为剑一直是“军官和绅士”的象征。

0666 repay [rɪˈpeɪ]

v. 1 报答 2 偿还

Many people are forecasting that Greece, despite its bail-out package from the EU and the IMF, will be unable to repay its debts in full and on time. 许多人都预测,尽管希腊受到了欧盟和国际货币基金组织的援助,但它依旧不可能按时足额地偿还其债务。

0667 oral [ˈɔːrəl]

adj. 口头的

The language and style you use when making an oral presentation should not be the same as the language in style you use when writing. 你做口头陈述时所用的语言表达和风格应该和你书写时用的语言表达和风格不一样。

0668 original [əˈrɪdʒɪnl]

adj. 起初的

Our original plan was to go to Spain, but it was too expensive. 我们起初的计划是去西班牙,但是去那里太贵了。

0669 spacecraft [ˈspeɪskrɑːft]

n. 宇宙飞船

The new spacesuit is really a small spacecraft with room for food and water containers, and a waste-collection system. 这款新的航天服就是一个小型的宇宙飞船,拥有食物储放空间、 水容器以及垃圾清理系统。

0670 deadline [ˈdedlaɪn]

n. 最后期限

People who forget about the deadlines have to pay a high interest on their credit card debt.忘记最后还款期限的人要为信用卡债务支付高额利息。

0671 dairy [ˈdeəri]

adj. 乳制的

n. 乳品厂

Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity, including a tremendous increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available, making us more vigorous than our ancestors. 现代技术在食物生产和运输中的应用,使得食物的种类和量都大大增加,比如动物蛋白质和奶制品产量的剧增,进而使我们比我们的祖先更加精力充沛。

0672 global [ˈɡləʊbl]

adj. 全球的

Global warming is a trend toward warmer conditions around the world. 全球变暖是指世界范围内环境温度升高的一种趋势。

0673 condition [kənˈdɪʃn]

n. 条件

In the coming years, instead of radio reports about road conditions and high way traffic, news reports will talk about traffic jams in the sky. 未来,新闻报道将会讨论空中的交通堵塞情况,而不是报道路况和高速路的交通情况。

0674 cable [ˈkeɪbl]

n. 电缆

When the mother realised that cable TV was costing her $500 a year, she decided that network TV wasn’t so bad. 当这位妈妈意识到有线电视每年要花费她500美元时,她开始觉得网络电视并不是那么糟糕。

0675 adjust [əˈdʒʌst]

v. 调整

Higher education should be adjusted to the practical needs of society. 高等教育应适时调整,以适应社会的实际需求。

0676 adjustment [əˈdʒʌstmənt]

n. 调整

You might not achieve all of your objectives in a single negotiation, but over time opportunities for adjustment and renegotiation might arise. 你可能无法通过一次谈判就实现所有目标,但随着时间的推移,就可能会有机会调整和重新谈判。

0677 design [dɪˈzaɪn]

v. 设计;筹划

n. 设计,布局;构思

For architects, computer-aided design has become essential but in some ways has cheapened the design process. 于建筑设计师而言,电脑辅助设计已经不可或缺,但也在某种程度上贬低了设计工作的价值。

0678 designer [dɪˈzaɪnə]

n. 设计师

Mr. Nabrit is the chief designer of the latest bike model. 纳布里特先生是这一最新款自行车的首席设计师。