Word List 04

worldly / ˈwɜːrldli / 阅

adj. 世间的，尘世的 engrossed in matters of this earth; not spiritual

We will never break away from the worldly shackles.

integrate / ˈɪntɪɡreɪt / 阅

v. 使成整体，使一体化 make whole; combine; make into one unit

The university has successfully integrated social practice into its education system.

pitfall ● / ˈpɪtfɔːl / 阅

n. 隐患；陷阱 hidden danger; concealed trap

Sophie’s friend warned her against the pitfalls associated with the purchase of a used car.

expropriate / eksˈproʊprieɪt /

v. 征用，没收 take possession of

The government expropriated his land and gave him a lot of money as compensation.

table / ˈteɪbl / 阅

v. 搁置 set aside a resolution or proposal for future consideration

The motion has been tabled for an indefinite period because the chief leaders seemed to disagree on it.

acquittal / əˈkwɪtl /

n. 宣判无罪 deliverance from a charge

Hearing the announcement of his acquittal, he couldn’t help crying.

waive / weɪv / 阅

v. 放弃；不坚持；搁置或推迟 give up a claim or right voluntarily; refrain from enforcing; postpone considering

He was found guilty and waived his right to appeal.

aspire ■ / əˈspaɪər / 阅

v. 有志于，渴望 seek to attain; long for

Many young people aspire after the position of civil servants.

legend / ˈledʒənd / 阅

n. 地图的图例，插图的说明 explanatory list of symbols especially on a map

The legend at the bottom of the map made it clear which symbol stood for restroom.

abscond / əbˈskɑːnd /

v. 潜逃 depart secretly and hide

Unfortunately, her partner was a crook and absconded with the funds.

modulate / ˈmɑːdʒəleɪt /

v. 使音调转低；调节，调整；变调，转调 tone down in intensity; regulate; change from one key to another

He never learned to modulate his voice.

doctrine ■ / ˈdɑːktrɪn / 阅

n. 学说，理论；教义，教条 teachings, in general; particular principle (religious, legal, etc.)

He disagreed with the doctrines of Freud.

conjecture ● / kənˈdʒektʃər / 阅

v. 推测，猜测 surmise; guess n. 推测，猜测 conclusion deduced by surmise or guesswork

I do not conjecture an immediate drop in house price.

negate ■ / nɪˈɡeɪt / 阅

v. 消除，使无效；否定 cancel out; nullify; deny

The policeman warned that to negate the facts would only make things worse.

redundant ■ / rɪˈdʌndənt / 阅

adj. 多余的；重复的；冗长的 superfluous; repetitious; excessively wordy

There were too many redundant words in the pupil’s composition.

amenable / əˈmiːnəbl /

adj. 顺从的；服从领导的 readily managed; willing to be led

She tends to be amenable to friendly suggestions.

informal / ɪnˈfɔːrml / 阅

adj. 不正式的，不拘礼节的 absence of ceremony; casual

The informal and relaxing atmosphere was the main attraction of that cruise line.

candor ■ / ˈkændər / 阅

n. 直率，坦白 frankness; open honesty

It was his unusual candor that made her uneasy.

marked / mɑːrkt / 阅

adj. 有记号的；显眼的；成为攻击对象的 noticeable or pronounced; targeted for vengeance

There has been a marked increase in traffic accidents recently.

impregnable ● / ɪmˈpreɡnəbl /

adj. 无懈可击的，固若金汤的 invulnerable

The city has been built into an impregnable fortress.

detraction / dɪˈtrækʃn / 阅

n. 诋毁，诽谤 slandering; aspersion

Envy has no other quality but that of detraction from virtue.

impiety / ɪmˈpaɪəti /

n. 不尊敬，不虔诚 irreverence; lack of respect for God

His impiety to the emperor irritated the ministers.

muse / mjuːz / 阅

v. 沉思，冥想 ponder n. 默想 a state of meditation

Many of the papers muse on the fate of the former Prime Minister.

impotent / ˈɪmpətənt / 阅

adj. 虚弱的；无效的 weak; ineffective

He was impotent after the operation.

bland / blænd / 阅

adj. 和蔼的；平和的 soothing or mild; agreeable

She replied with a bland smile.

covenant / ˈkʌvənənt / 阅

n. 契约 agreement

The covenant of the League of Nations bounds all signatory states not to go to war.

indomitable / ɪnˈdɑːmɪtəbl / 阅

adj. 不屈服的，不屈不挠的 unconquerable; unyielding

I was deeply impressed by your indomitable spirit.

mandate / ˈmændeɪt /

n. 命令，训令；要求 order; charge v. 授权；命令 give the power; order to do

We have been aware of the internal security mandate that had just been issued.

compatible / kəmˈpætəbl / 阅

adj. 兼容的，和谐的；一致的 harmonious; in harmony with

They were soon compatible with the new neighbors.

geniality /ˌdʒiːniˈæləti / 阅

n. 愉快；亲切 cheerfulness; kindliness; sympathy

He shows geniality to all the people around him.

checkered / ˈtʃekərd / 阅

adj. 多变的，盛衰无常的 marked by changes in fortune

Even a successful leader may have a checkered past.

dilute / daɪˈluːt / 阅

v. 稀释，冲淡；削弱 make less concentrated; reduce in strength

If you give your baby juice, dilute it well with cooled, boiled water.

solicit / səˈlɪsɪt / 阅

v. 恳求，乞求 request earnestly; seek

The middle-aged man disguises himself as a blind and solicits in the metro everyday.

indices / ˈɪndɪsiːz /

n. 指数，指标 signs; indications

Once correctly interpreted, the economic indices can explain a lot of things.

iconoclastic ● / ˌaɪkɑːnəˈklæstɪk / 阅

adj. 偶像破坏的，打破旧习的 attacking cherished traditions

He put forward an iconoclastic theory about language.

pathetic / pəˈθetɪk / 阅

adj. 可怜的，令人同情的 causing sadness, compassion, pity; touching

Animal right activists risked their lives stopping trucks on the highway delivering pathetic dogs and cats.

immune / ɪˈmjuːn / 阅

adj. 免疫的；豁免的，免除的 resistant to; free or exempt from

You should learn to be immune to the pessimistic emotions.

intractable ● / ɪnˈtræktəbl /

adj. 难以驾驭的，倔强的 unruly; stubborn; unyielding

What should we say to convince the intractable opponents?

equanimity ● / ˌekwəˈnɪməti /

n. 平和，镇静 calmness of temperament; composure

He didn’t lose equanimity, even in the most dangerous time.

concede ■ / kənˈsiːd / 阅

v. 承认；让出 admit; yield

In fear of strike, the boss conceded to the workers.

schematic / skiːˈmætɪk /

adj. 图表的，图解的 relating to an outline or diagram; using a system of symbols

It is helpful for you to construct a simple schematic diagram when analyzing the operating principles of this machine.

caustic / ˈkɔːstɪk / 阅

adj. 腐蚀性的；刻薄的 burning; sarcastically biting

I’m used to her caustic remarks.

inordinate / ɪnˈɔːrdɪnət /

adj. 紊乱的；过度的 unrestrained; excessive

They spent an inordinate amount of time on unnecessary work.

countermand / ˈkaʊntərmænd /

v. 取消 cancel; revoke

I have now to countermand that order.

eccentricity / ˌeksenˈtrɪsəti / 阅

n. 古怪行为，反常行为 oddity; idiosyncrasy

His eccentricity of bathing with cold water lasts many years.

hoard / hɔːrd / 阅

v. 贮藏 stockpile; accumulate for future use n. 贮藏物 a supply or fund stored up and often hidden away

He loves to hoard up treasures.

sentinel / ˈsentɪnl / 阅

n. 岗哨，看守；哨兵 sentry; lookout

An array of sentinels stood in front of the gate tower, with rifles in their hands at ready.

chide / tʃaɪd / 阅

v. 斥责 scold

The wife chided her husband for being irresponsible.

comprise / kəmˈpraɪz / 阅

v. 包括，由…构成 include; consist of

The United States comprises 50 states.

preempt / priˈempt / 阅

v. 先占，先取；取代 head off; forestall by acting first; appropriate for oneself; supplant

He preempted any possibilities for his son to be indulged in online games.

exonerate ■ / ɪɡˈzɑːnəreɪt / 阅

v. 免除，证明无罪 acquit; exculpate

He may be exonerated because of the new evidence.

flamboyant / flæmˈbɔɪənt / 阅

adj. 华丽的；引人注目的 ornate; (of people or their behaviour) different, confident and exciting in a way that attracts attention

You are a rising flamboyant star in this field.

incipient / ɪnˈsɪpiənt /

adj. 起初的，开始存在或出现的 beginning; in an early stage

Taking some exercise before breakfast is an incipient habit of mine.

differentiate / ˌdɪfəˈrenʃieɪt / 阅

v. 区别，鉴别 distinguish; perceive a difference between

It is necessary to differentiate between forecasts and projections.

parallelism / ˈpærəlelɪzəm / 阅

n. 平行，类似 state of being parallel, similarity

A striking parallelism exists between the lives’ of the two brothers.

abhor / əbˈhɔːr / 阅

v. 憎恶，痛恨 detest; hate

We should abhor all forms of terrorism.

ambience / ˈæmbiəns /

n. 周围环境，气氛 environment; atmosphere

She likes dining in that small restaurant because of the pleasant ambience there.

servitude / ˈsɜːrvətuːd / 阅

n. 奴役；劳役 slavery; compulsory labor

The workers could no longer bear the servitude of the work and were scheming a large-scale strike.

stanza / ˈstænzə / 阅

n. （诗的）节 division of a poem

There are usually four stanzas in his poems.

amalgamate / əˈmælɡəmeɪt / 阅

v. 合并，结合 combine; unite in one body

The small chemical companies had amalgamated into a vast global corporation.

refute ■ / rɪˈfjuːt / 阅

v. 驳斥，驳倒 disprove

The film star was quick to refute the rumor spread on the Internet.

renege / rɪˈniːɡ /

v. 否认；违背，背弃 deny; go back on

Under no circumstances should you rely on him because he always reneges on his promises.

admonition / ˌædməˈnɪʃn / 阅

n. 警告，告诫 warning

The driver received an admonition from the police for sounding his horn repeatedly.

interim / ˈɪntərɪm /

n. 中间时期，过渡时期 meantime

The new government made efforts to stabilize the economy during the interim.

effete / ɪˈfiːt / 阅

adj. 缺乏活力的；软弱的，衰弱的；贫瘠的 lacking vigor; worn out; sterile

The effete civilization revealed a lot to the world.

incite ■ / ɪnˈsaɪt / 阅

v. 刺激，激励；煽动 arouse to action; goad; motivate; induce to exist

He deliberately incited the workforce to a strike.

acme / ˈækmi /

n. 顶峰 top; pinnacle

The athlete retired at the acme of her career.

compound / kəmˈpaʊnd / 阅

v. 混合，组合；以复利计算；使增加 combine; constitute; pay interest; increase

Common salt is compounded of sodium and chlorine.

insipid ■ / ɪnˈsɪpɪd / 阅

adj. 没有味道的；平淡的 lacking in flavor; dull

After an hour of insipid lectures, he left the conference room in disappointment.

irrational / ɪˈræʃənl / 阅

adj. 不合理的；无理性的；荒谬的 illogical; lacking reason; insane

She has been irrational after his death.

burnish / ˈbɜːrnɪʃ / 阅

v. 擦亮，磨光 make shiny by rubbing; polish

The workers tired to burnish the copper unearthed.

rampant / ˈræmpənt / 阅

adj. 蔓延的；不受限制的 growing in profusion; unrestrained

The city was almost out of control because of the rampant violence.

repercussion / ˌriːpərˈkʌʃn / 阅

n. 影响；弹回；反响，回声 result or impact (of an event, etc.); rebound; reverberation

The CEO’s resignation had serious repercussions on the firm, for it led to the quick dropping of stock prices.

underlying / ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ / 阅

adj. 潜在的；根本的；在下面的 fundamental; lying below

To solve a problem you have to understand its underlying causes.

tycoon / taɪˈkuːn / 阅

n. （企业界的）大亨，巨头 wealthy leader

Bill Gates was a prominent tycoon.

appreciate / əˈpriːʃieɪt / 阅

v. 感激；增值；体谅 be thankful for; increase in worth; be thoroughly conscious of

The boss appreciated his employees’ efforts to achieve the company’s prosperity.

depredation / ˌdeprəˈdeɪʃn / 阅

n. 抢劫，掠夺性攻击 plundering

Most southern towns have suffered from the reckless depredation of the armed gang.

preclude ■ / prɪˈkluːd / 阅

v. 阻止；排除 make impossible; eliminate

Lack of witness precluded the investigation of the murder.

rabid / ˈræbɪd /

adj. 疯狂的，狂热的 like a fanatic; furious

Many Chinese youngsters are rabid followers of Kobe and would never miss any opportunity to watch the game played by Lakers.

parameter / pəˈræmɪtər /

n. 界限；限制因素；特征 boundary, limiting factor, distinguishing characteristic

Some feminists believe that women have to redefine the parameters of every field.

abyss / əˈbɪs /

n. 深渊 enormous chasm; vast bottomless pit

After losing his family, he fell into an abyss of despair.

incessant / ɪnˈsesnt / 阅

adj. 不断的，不停的 uninterrupted; unceasing

There has been incessant political upheavals in this country since the beginning of this century.

conscientious / ˌkɑːnʃiˈenʃəs / 阅

adj. 尽责的，谨慎的 scrupulous; careful

They are generally very conscientious about their work.

assiduous ● / əˈsɪdʒuəs / 阅

adj. 勤奋的 diligent

The great achievement is based on his assiduous research.

formality / fɔːrˈmæləti / 阅

n. 仪式；礼节，俗套 ceremonious quality; something done just for form’s sake

Running through all these formalities made me feel exhausted.

conviction ■ / kənˈvɪkʃn / 阅

n. 宣告有罪；深信 judgment that someone is guilty of a crime; strongly held belief

He had a prior conviction for armed robbery.

fop / fɑːp /

n. 花花公子；过分讲究衣饰或举动的人 dandy; man excessively concerned with his clothes

He is a typical fop.

chary / ˈtʃeri /

adj. 谨慎的；吝啬的 cautious; sparing or restrained about giving

Mary is chary of making friends.

venturesome / ˈventʃərsəm /

adj. 冒险的，大胆的 bold

He prefers the horror movie that is full of thrilling and venturesome scenes.

query / ˈkwɪri / 阅

n. 质问，疑问 inquiry; question

The report about food safety has raised several important queries.

titanic / taɪˈtænɪk / 阅

adj. 巨大的 gigantic

The two brothers were involved in a titanic struggle for a highly profitable estate handed down by their father.

valor / ˈvælər / 阅

n. 英勇，勇猛 bravery

The troops showed great valor in the battle.

inevitable / ɪnˈevɪtəbl / 阅

adj. 不可避免的，必然的 unavoidable

If you keep going like that, failure will be inevitable.

reactionary / riˈækʃəneri /

adj. 反作用的；反动的，保守的 recoiling from progress; politically ultraconservative

The reactionary forces were thrown down one by one.

mitigate ■ / ˈmɪtɪɡeɪt / 阅

v. 使缓和，减轻 appease; moderate

Nothing Levis did could mitigate Anne’s anger; she refused to forgive him for making fun of her.

palpable / ˈpælpəbl / 阅

adj. 可触知的；明显的，易察觉的 tangible; unmistakable; easily perceptible

There is a palpable difference in their family backgrounds.

assuage ● / əˈsweɪdʒ / 阅

v. 减轻，使满足 ease or lessen (pain); satisfy (hunger); soothe (anger)

He tried to assuage his pain by drinking.

untenable / ʌnˈtenəbl / 阅

adj. 防守不住的；不能维持的 indefensible; not able to be maintained

The myths are logically or scientifically untenable.

vulnerable / ˈvʌlnərəbl / 阅

adj. 易受攻击的，易伤的 susceptible to wounds

People with high blood pressure are especially vulnerable to heart disease.

sever / ˈsevər / 阅

v. 切断，分开 cut; separate

The voice of protesting against being severed trade with neighboring countries ran higher.