20 Replacing Food: An Engineer's Approach to Body Fuel
For many people, on many occasions, food is a trouble, especially when trying to eat well. Suppose we had a default meal that was the nutritional equivalent of water: cheap, healthy, 1 and handy. Soylent will be 2 for different body types and customizable based on individual goals. It allows one to enjoy the health benefits of a well 3 diet with less effort and cost.
For anyone who struggles with allergies, heartburn, acid reflux(胃酸反流)or 4 , has trouble controlling weight or cholesterol(胆固醇), or simply doesn't have the means to eat well, Soylent is for you.
Soylent frees you from the time and money spent shopping, cooking and cleaning, puts you in excellent health, and vastly reduces your environmental impact by eliminating much of the waste and harm coming from agriculture, livestock, and food-related 5 .
50% of the food produced globally is wasted, and food makes for the largest 6 of municipal garbage. If not for this waste there would be plenty of food to adequately 7 everyone alive. 2 million people are killed annually by smoke inhalation(吸入)from indoor cooking stoves alone. 70% of Americans are overweight or 8 . 1 in 7 people globally are malnourished, and 1 in 3 in the developing world suffers from 9 . Countless others are living hand-to-mouth, subsistence farming, hindering economic development. Even in the developed world, agriculture is the most dangerous industry to work in by occupational injuries and illnesses, and obesity is on the rise.
By taking years to spoil, 10 reducing cost, and easing transportation and storage, Soylent could have a dramatic effect on hunger and malnutrition. Proceeds from the purchase of Soylent enable us to work with aid partners and reduce hunger and environmental impact both in the United States and the developing world.
A)advantageous E)deficiency I)nourish M)practically
B)balanced F)digestion J)obese N)strengthen
C)component G)dramatically K)obtain O)trash
D)convenient H)individually L)personalized
选项分析
[名词]component成分,组件 deficiency不足,缺陷 digestion消化,吸收 trash 垃圾,废物
[动词]nourish滋养,使健壮 obtain获益 personalized 为个人特制 strengthen增强
[形容词]advantageous有利的 balanced均衡的,和谐的 convenient方便的 obese过胖的
[副词]dramatically戏剧地 individually个别地,单独地 practically实际上
长难句点睛
Soylent frees you from the time and money spent shopping, cooking and cleaning, puts you in excellent health, and vastly reduces your environmental impact by eliminating much of the waste and harm coming from agriculture, livestock, and food-related trash. (Line 1, Para. 3)
[解析]该句是由and连接的并列句,主干部分是Soylent frees you from the time and money...puts you in excellent health, and reduces your environmental impact。spent...cleaning是过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰time and money,by后面的部分是现在分词短语作方式状语,其中coming from引导的部分作后置定语修饰waste and harm。
[译文]有了Soylent,你可以省掉花在购物、烹调和清洁上的时间和金钱,获得健康的体魄,并且能够消除大部分源于农业、牲畜及与食物相关的垃圾所带来的浪费与损害,进而大大减少你对环境的影响。
答案精解
1.D convenient
[快速解题]形容词辨义题。根据空格前的cheap, healthy和空格后and handy可判断空格处应填入一个形容词与其他三个形容词并列。根据文中含义“试想,假如人类有一种营养价值等同于水的默认食物:便宜、健康、______且触手可得”,显然,obese不合适,balanced和advantageous与前面的healthy重复,只有convenient合适,故选D。
2.L personalized
[快速解题]动词辨义题。根据空格前的be可判断该题应选一个动词过去分词,构成被动语态,根据文中含义"Soylent将会是基于个人目标,______不同的体质定制的新型食物替代品”,可判断备选词汇中只有personalized“为个人特制”符合此处语境,故选L。
3.B balanced
[快速解题]形容词辨义题。根据空格后的diet一词,可判断空格处应填入一个形容词,根据文中含义“人们不必耗费过多精力和财力就可以享受______饮食,获得身体健康”,符合此处语境的只有balanced“平衡的”,故选B。
4.F digestion
[快速解题]名词辨义题。根据空格前内容struggles with allergies, heartburn, acid reflux or可判断此处应填入一个表示疾病的名词,只有digestion与struggles with搭配后表示疾病,故选F。
5.O trash
[快速解题]名词辨义题。根据空格前的内容coming from agriculture, livestock, and food-related可知,空格处应填入一个名词。根据文中含义“并且能够消除大部分源于农业、牲畜及与食物相关的______所带来的浪费与损害,进而大大减少你对环境的影响”,由此可以判断,此处空格需要填入一个表示消极意义的名词。备选名词中trash“垃圾”符合语境,故选O。
6.C component
[快速解题]名词辨义题。根据空格前的the largest和空格后的of可以判断,此处需要填入一个名词。该句的前半句中讲到,全球生产的食品一半都被浪费掉了,由此不难推断此处想要表达的是食物成为大城市垃圾的最大组成部分。备选词汇中,component意为“组成部分,成分”,符合此处语境,故选C。
7.I nourish
[快速解题]动词辨义题。根据空格前的to adequately和空格后everyone alive,可判断空格处应填入一个动词原形。根据文中含义“如果没有这种浪费,将有充足的食物______地球上的每个人”,可判定备选词汇中只有nourish“滋养”符合此处语境,故选I。
8.J obese
[快速解题]形容词辨义题。根据空格前的overweight or可判断空格处应填入一个与overweight意思相近的形容词,只有obese“肥胖的”符合此处语境,故选J。
9.E deficiency
[快速解题]名词辨义题。根据空格前的suffer from可判断空格处应填入一个名词。根据文中含义“全球1/7的人营养不良,发展中国家1/3的人食物______”,可判断此处应填入一个表示消极意义的词,只有deficiency“缺乏,不足”符合此处语境,故选E。
10.G[dramatically
[快速解题]副词辨义题。根据空格后的reducing cost,可判断空格处应填入一个副词,只有dramatically“大大地”与reducing搭配合适,故选G。
重难点词汇
occasion[əˈkeɪʒn] n. 场合;时机
equivalent[ɪˈkwɪvələnt] n.等价物a.等价的
handy[ˈhændi] a. 容易取得的
malnourished[ˌmælˈnʌrɪʃt] a. 营养不良的
全文译文
替代食品:工程师补充身体能量的方法
对许多人来说,很多情况下吃饭是件麻烦事,尤其是想美餐一顿的时候。试想,假如人类有一种营养价值等同于水的默认食物:便宜、健康、方便且触手可得,会是多么美妙啊!Soylent将会是基于个人目标,针对不同的体质定制的新型食物替代品,人们不必耗费过多精力和财力就可以享受均衡饮食,获得身体健康。
对于那些饱受过敏、胃灼热、胃酸反流或消化不良和难以控制体重和胆固醇或根本无法获得营养食物的人来说,Soylent是天赐之物。
有了Soylent,你可以省掉花在购物、烹调和清洁上的时间和金钱,获得健康的体魄,并且能够消除大部分源于农业、牲畜及与食物相关的垃圾所带来的浪费与损害,进而大大减少你对环境的影响。
全球生产的一半食品被浪费掉,变成大城市最大的垃圾来源。如果没有这种浪费,将有充足的食物养活地球上的每个人。每年有200万人死于吸入室内厨灶排放的烟雾。全美有70%的人超重或过胖,而全球1/7的人营养不良,发展中国家1/3的人食物短缺,无数人仅能糊口,勉强为生,这阻碍了经济的发展。即使在发达国家,农业也因职业损伤和病痛成为最危险的行业,而肥胖人口在不断增加。
凭借保存时间长、大幅度降低成本、减轻交通和储藏压力等特点,Soylent可以对饥饿和营养不良产生巨大的影响。购买Soylent所获得的收益能够让我们与援助伙伴协同努力,减少美国和发展中国家的饥荒和环境影响。