大学英语四级考试预测试题二

Part I Writing （30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay according to the following instructions. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.

Dama square dance culture has generated some controversy recently. On the one hand, Dama square dance reflects social progress and the increasingly colorful life of senior citizens. On the other hand, many citizens who live near the square are disturbed by the noise of Dama square dance. What's your opinion of Dama square dance? What's your suggestion toward the problem?

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Part II Listening Comprehension （25 minutes）

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Questions 1 and 2 will be based on the following news item.

1．A) Christmas-time attacks made by Somali rebels.

B) An explosion at a bus station in central Nairobi.

C) The killing of more than 70 Ugandans in Kampala.

D) Blasts set off by a Somali group in Uganda's capital.

2．A) On Christmas Eve.

B) Just before midnight.

C) During a security check.

D) In the small hours of the morning.

Questions 3 and 4 will be based on the following news item.

3．A) It is likely to close many of its stores.

B) It is known for the quality of its goods.

C) It remains competitive in the recession.

D) It will expand its online retail business.

4．A) Expand its business beyond groceries.

B) Fire 25,000 of its current employees.

C) Cut its DVD publishing business.

D) Sell the business for one pound.

Questions 5 to 7 will be based on the following news item.

5．A) All taxis began to use meters.

B) All taxis got air conditioning.

C) Advertisements were allowed on taxis.

D) Old taxis were replaced with new cabs.

6．A) A low interest loan scheme.

B) Environmentalists'protests.

C) Taxi passengers'complaints.

D) Permission for car advertising.

7．A) There are no more irregular practices.

B) All new cabs provide air-conditioning.

C) New cabs are all equipped with meters.

D) New legislation protects consumer rights.

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Conversation One

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

8．A) She is hard-working.

B) She has to catch an early bus.

C) She is busy in the morning.

D) She gets up late in the morning.

9．A) It's better than evening exercise.

B) It helps him work more efficiently.

C) Young people do not need to take exercise.

D) Morning exercise is generally informative.

10．A) He has to go to parties in the evening.

B) He has to prepare dinner for the family.

C) The air is not fresh in the evening.

D) He can't afford the time.

11．A) Go home.

B) Go to his office.

C) Go to the bus stop.

D) Send his son to school.

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

12．A) Colorado.

B) Arizona.

C) The Nile River.

D) The Museum of Natural History.

13．A) Archaeological.

B) Biological.

C) Meteorological.

D) Sociological.

14．A) In a cave.

B) In a river.

C) In a tree.

D) In a boat.

15．A) Solve a mystery.

B) See the canyon.

C) Find some driftwood.

D) Take some photographs.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear three short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16．A) The head of the Alumni Office.

B) A doctor.

C) A professor of business administration.

D) A student from last year's program.

17．A) Medical interns.

B) Undergraduate students.

C) Local business executives.

D) Alumni sponsors.

18．A) They give money to sponsor the program.

B) They write letters of recommendation. 　

C) They provide job opportunities.

D) They work for the Alumni Office.

Passage Two

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

19．A) To give background information about Santa Catalina Island.

B) To tell the audience about new books on Santa Catalina.

C) To introduce a training film on baseball.

D) To tell people about the music from the 1930s and 1940s.

20．A) A bandleader.

B) A wealthy businessman.

C) An early settler of Santa Catalina.

D) A baseball player from Chicago.

21．A) To set up an exclusive resort.

B) To build a marina.

C) To establish a summer retreat for musicians.

D) To start a training camp for a baseball team.

22．A) Traditional Portuguese music.

B) Opera.

C) Big-band music.

D) Music composed by Wrigley.

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23．A) Recalling something from one's memory.

B) The preparatory method in exams.

C) Conscience.

D) Man's mind.

24．A) From the ones they are familiar with to the difficult ones.

B) From the short ones to the long ones.

C) From the complicated ones to the easy ones.

D) From the ones they are confident of to the more difficult ones.

25．A) When you can't recall something instantly, you should try your best to do it.

B) When you can't recall something instantly, you'd better have an operation on your mind.

C) The subconscious activities may go to work to dig up a dim memory.

D) Forcing yourself to recall may loosen your memory.

Part III Reading Comprehension （40 minutes）

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.

Worried about what people are saying about you? Concerns about gossip could influence behavior, including generosity, researchers said.

“As it turns out, the act of gossip can indeed be quite powerful, ”said Jared Piazza of Queen's University in Belfast, Northern Ireland.

Piazza and Jesse M. Beringa studied the 26 of 72 college students who were asked to distribute tokens（代金券）with a monetary value between themselves and someone else.

Half of the group were 27 told their decision would be discussed with a third party.

“Participants who were told that the receiver would be communicating their economic decision with the third party were 28 more generous in their allocations of the tokens than participants who were not 29 to believe that their decisions would be discussed, ”Piazza and Beringa said in the study published in the journal Human Behavior.

They added that the most 30 strategy from an economic standpoint would have been for a student to 31 all 10 tokens to him or herself, but the threat of gossip seemed to have 32 their decision.

Although gender did not play a major role in the study, men were slightly more 33 than women.

“Allocations of males were, on average, slightly greater than allocations of females, although there were almost twice as many female participants, ”the researchers 34.

A previous study showed that gossip is more powerful than truth, suggesting people believe what they hear through the grapevine even if they have evidence to the 35 .

A) added

B) beneficial

C) swayed

D) fabricated

E）reactions

F）made

G）still

H）significantly

I）allocate

J）thought

K）contrary

L）also

M）generous

N）led

O）economical

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Addicted, Really?

A) Mental-health specialists disagree over whether to classify compulsive online behaviour as addiction-and how to treat it. Craig Smallwood, a disabled American war veteran, spent more than 20，000 hours over five years playing an online role-playing game called“Lineage II”. When NCsoft, the South Korean firm behind the game, accused him of breaking the game's rules and banned him, he was plunged into depression, severe paranoia（偏执）and hallucinations（幻想）. He spent three weeks in hospital. After that, he sued NCsoft for fraud and negligence（过失）, demanding over$9m in damages and claiming that the company acted negligently by failing to warn him of the danger that he would become“addicted”to the game.

B) But does it make sense to talk of addiction to online activity? Mental-health specialists say three online behaviors can become problematic for many people: video games, pornography（色情作品）and messaging via e-mail and social networks. But there is far less agreement about whether any of this should be called“Internet addiction”-or how to treat it.

C) Some mental-health specialists wanted“Internet addiction”to be included in the fifth version of psychiatry's bible, the“Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders”，known as DSM-V, which is currently being overhauled（全面修订）. The American Medical Association endorsed（赞成）the idea in 2007，only to backtrack（放弃）days later. The American Journal of Psychiatry called Internet addiction a“common disorder”and supported its recognition. Last year the DSM-V drafting group made its decision: Internet addiction would not be included as a“behavioral addiction”-only gambling made the cut-but it said further study was necessary.

D) Skeptics say there is nothing uniquely addictive about the Internet. Back in 2000，Joseph Walther, a communications professor at Michigan State University, co-wrote an article in which he suggested, tongue in cheek, that the criteria used to call someone an Internet addict might also show that most professors were“addicted”to academia（学术活动）. He argued that other factors, such as depression, are the real problem. He stands by that view today. “No scientific evidence has emerged to suggest that Internet use is a cause rather than a consequence of some other sort of issue, ”he says. “Focusing on and treating people for Internet addiction, rather than looking for underlying clinical issues, is definitely unwise. ”

E）Others disagree. “That would be wrong, ”says Kimberly Young, a researcher and therapist who has worked on Internet addiction since 1994. She insists that the Internet, with its powerfully immersive environments, creates new problems that people must learn to navigate（应对）. Otherwise, the changing lifestyle will affect the development of the society.

F）No one disputes that online habits can turn toxic. Take South Korea, where widespread broadband means that the average high-school student plays video games for 23 hours each week. In 2007 the government estimated that around 210，000 children needed treatment for Internet addiction. In 2010 newspapers around the globe carried the story of a South Korean couple who fed their infant daughter so little that she starved to death. Instead of caring for the child, the couple spent most nights at an Internet café，sinking hours into a role-playing game in which they raised, fed and cared for a virtual daughter. And several South Korean men have died from exhaustion after marathon, multi-day gaming sessions.

G）The South Korean government has since asked game developers to adopt a gaming curfew（宵禁）for children, to prevent them playing between midnight and 8 a. m. At the same time, it has also opened more than 100 clinics for Internet addiction and sponsored an“Internet rescue camp”for serious cases.

H）But compulsive behaviour is not limited to gamers. E-mail or web-use behaviours can also show signs of addiction. Getting through a business lunch in which no one pulls out a phone to check their messages now counts as a minor miracle in many quarters. A deluge（泛滥）of self-help books, most recently“Alone Together”by Sherry Turkle, a social scientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, offer advice on how to unplug（去除障碍）.

I）Pornography is hardly new, either, but the Internet makes accessing it much easier than ever before. When something can be summoned in an instant via broadband, whether it is a game world, an e-mail inbox or pornographic material, it is harder to resist. New services lead to new complaints. When online auction sites first became popular, talk of“eBay addiction”soon followed. Dr. Young says women complain to her now about addiction to Facebook-or even to“FarmVille”，a game playable only within Facebook.

J）Treatment centres have popped up around the world with the popularity of online games. In 2006 Amsterdam's Smith＆Jones facility billed itself as“the first and, currently, the only residential video-game treatment program in the world”. In America the reSTART Internet Addiction Recovery Program claims to treat Internet addiction, gaming addiction, and even“texting addiction”. In China, meanwhile, military-style“boot camps”are the preferred way to treat Internet problems.

K）Yet many people like feeling permanently connected. As Arikia Millikan, an American blogger, once put it, “If I could be jacked in at every waking hour of the day, I would, and I think a lot of my peers would do the same. ”Bob LaRose, an Internet specialist at Michigan State University, doesn't believe her. In his research on college students, he found that most sense when they are“going overboard and restore self-control”. Less than 1% have a pathological（病态的）problem, he adds. For most people, Internet use“is just a habit-and one that brings us pleasure. ”

36．According to Joseph Walther, it is unwise to emphasize the treatment of Internet addiction instead of seeking for potential clinical issues.

37．As online games become popular, treatment centres have sprung up all over the world.

38．After playing online games continuously for days, several South Korean men were exhausted to death.

39．Smallwood sued NCsoft and claimed a huge compensation for fraud and its negligence of warning him of the danger of game addiction.

40．In South Korea, a gaming curfew for children was adopted to prevent children playing after midnight.

41．Internet addiction still needs to be further studied though the DSM-V did not categorize it as a“behavioral addiction”.

42．An Internet specialist found that most college students could realize when they are going too far and restore self-control.

43．According to mental-health specialists, for many people, video games, pornography and messaging via e-mail and social networks can become problematic online behaviors.

44．People regard it as a small miracle if nobody takes out a phone to read the messages at a business lunch.

45．Kimberly Young insists that people must learn to deal with new problems brought about by the Internet.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) . You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.

Fried foods have long been frowned upon. Nevertheless, the skillet（长柄平底煎锅）is about our handiest and most useful piece of kitchen equipment. Strong woodcutters and others engaged in active labor requiring 4,000 calories per day or more will take approximately one-third of their rations prepared in this fashion. Meat, eggs, and French toast cooked in this way are served in millions of homes daily. Apparently the consumers are not beset with more signs of indigestion than afflicted by those who insist upon broiling, roasting, or boiling. Some years ago one of our most eminent physiologists investigated the digestibility of fried potatoes. He found that the pan variety was more easily broken down for assimilation than when deep fat was employed. The latter, however, dissolved within the alimentary tract（消化道）more readily than the boiled type. Furthermore, he learned, by watching the progress of the contents of the stomach by means of the fluoroscope（荧光检查仪）, that fat actually accelerated the rate of digestion. Now all this is quite in contrast with“authority”. Volumes have been written on nutrition, and everywhere the dictum（权威意见）has been accepted-no fried edibles of any sort for children. A few will go so far as to forbid this style of cooking wholly. Now and then an expert will be bold enough to admit that he uses them himself, the absence of discomfort being explained on the ground that he possesses a powerful gastric（胃的）apparatus. We can of course sizzle perfectly good articles to death so that they will be leathery and tough. But thorough heating, in the presence of shortening, is not the awful crime that it has been labeled. Such dishes stimulate rather than retard contractions of the gall bladder. Thus it is that bile（胆汁）mixes with the nutriment shortly after it leaves the stomach.

We don't need to allow our foodstuffs to become oil soaked, but other than that, there seems to be no basis for the widely heralded prohibition against this method. But notions become fixed. The first condemnation probably rose because an“oracle”（圣贤）suffered from dyspepsia（消化不良）which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu. The theory spread. Others agreed with him, and after a time the doctrine became incorporated in our textbooks. The belief is now tradition rather than proved fact. It should have been refuted long since, as experience has demonstrated its falsity.

46．This passage focuses on______.

A) why the skillet is a handy piece of kitchen equipment

B) the digestibility of fried foods

C) how the experts can mislead the public in the area of food preparation

D) why fried foods have long been frowned upon

47．People engaged in active labor eat fried foods because______.

A) they are healthful

B) they are much cheaper

C) they can be easily digested

D) they can provide the calories the workers need

48．The author implies that the public should______.

A) prepare some foods by frying

B) avoid fried foods if possible

C) fry foods for adults but not for children

D) prepare all foods by frying

49．When the author says that“an'oracle'suffered from dyspepsia which he ascribed to some fried item on the menu”he is being______.

A) grateful

B) factual

C) sarcastic

D) humorous

50．The passage was probably taken from______.

A) a medical journal

B) a publication addressed to the general public

C) a speech at a medical convention

D) an advertisement for cooking oil

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.

In the second half of the twentieth century, many countries of the South（发展中国家）began to send students to the industrialized countries for further education. They urgently needed supplies of highly trained personnel to implement a concept of development based on modernization.

But many of these students decided to stay on in the developed countries when they had finished their training. At the same time, many professionals who did return home but no longer felt at ease there also decided to go back to the countries where they had studied.

In the 1960s, some Latin American countries tried to solve this problem by setting up special“return”programs to encourage their professionals to come back home. These programs received support from international bodies such as the International Organization for Migration, which in 1974 enabled over 1,600 qualified scientists and technicians to return to Latin America.

In the 1980s and 1990s, “temporary return”programs were set up in order to make the best use of trained personnel occupying strategic positions in the developed countries. This gave rise to the United Nations Development Program's Transfer of Knowledge through Expatriate（移居国外的）Nationals, which encourages technicians and scientists to work in their own countries for short periods. But the brain drain（人才流失）from these countries may well increase in response to the new laws of the international market in knowledge.

Recent studies forecast that the most developed countries are going to need more and more highly qualified professionals around twice as many as their educational systems will be able to produce, or so it is thought. As a result there is an urgent need for developing countries which send students abroad to give preference to fields where they need competent people to give muscle to their own institutions, instead of encouraging the training of people who may not come back because there are no professional outlets for them. And the countries of the South must not be content with institutional structures that simply take back professionals sent abroad, they must introduce flexible administrative procedures to encourage them to return. If they do not do this, the brain drain is bound to continue.

51．Which of the following is NOT correct according to the passage?

A) The developing countries believe that sending students to the industrialized countries is a good way to meet their own needs for modernization.

B) The South American countries have been sending students to developed countries since the 1920s.

C) Many people trained abroad remain in the developed countries instead of coming back to serve their home countries.

D) The International Organization for Migration successfully helped more than 1,600 professionals to return to their own countries in a single year.

52．Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons why the developing countries are losing their brain power?

A) Many professionals did not feel comfortable in their home countries after they returned home.

B) “Temporary return”programs encouraged professionals to work in their home countries for short periods.

C) The new laws of the international market encourage knowledge transfer.

D) The professionals from the developing countries have been trained in fields where they could not apply their knowledge to the best advantage in their home countries.

53．In the author's opinion, the developing countries should______.

A) keep their present administrative procedures so as to ensure that their students return after graduation

B) cooperate more effectively with international organizations

C) set up more return programs under the guidance of the UN

D) send students abroad in the fields where their knowledge is more likely to be made full use of in their own countries

54．According to the passage, the problem of the developing countries will continue______.

A) as long as the developed countries need more qualified professionals than they can educate domestically

B) as long as the developing countries are content with their present institutional structures

C) unless those countries stop sending large number of students to be trained abroad

D) if their governments fail to make administrative adjustments concerning the return procedures of their professionals

55．The best title for the passage is______.

A) The Brain Drain of the Developing Countries

B) Knowledge Transfer

C) The Talents from the Developing Countries

D) The Failure of Development Programs

Part IV Translation （30 minutes）

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

孔子（公元前551～公元前479）, 中国历史上伟大的教育家、思想家和政治家，儒家思想（Confucianism）的创始人。他创办私学，招收并教育弟子（disciple）, 创立了以“仁”为核心的道德学说。相传他有弟子三千，曾带领部分弟子周游列国。孔子的言论及其与弟子们的对话被汇集编纂成《论语》（The Analects of Confucius）, 千古传诵。自汉代以后，儒家思想成为两千多年来中华传统文化的主流，影响极为深远。