第10章 University of Pennsylvania: Laws without morals ar
宾夕法尼亚大学：立法离不开道德
英文导读
Back to its origin
The University of Pennsylvania (not to be confused with the public Pennsylvania State University， commonly referred to as Penn or U Penn)， one of the eight members of the Ivy League， is a private research university located in Philadelphia， Pennsylvania， United States， founded in 1740. Penn is the fourth-oldest institution of higher education in the United States and is considered the first university in America， with both undergraduate and graduate studies.Benjamin Franklin， Penn"s founder and one of the country"s founding fathers and a signer of the American Declaration of Independence， advocated an educational program that focused as much on practical education for commerce and public service as on the classics and theology.At that time， most colonial colleges were founded to train the clergy， but Franklin dreamed of a school where students could learn business and other skills they"d need in life. Over the years， the school has grown and expanded.
More information
System：There are four schools that offer both undergraduate and graduate studies， including the School of Arts and Sciences， the School of Nursing， the School of Engineering and Applied Science and the Wharton School of Business. There are an additional eight schools that offer only graduate studies.
Pre-college courses： The University has pre-college courses teens. The courses are worth one to two college credits and students can use the credits if they decide to enroll at the university. Classes last about six weeks in summer and they are taught by its professors. Students are treated like enrolled college students and they have homework， midterms and f inal exams.
MBA programs： The MBA at University of Pennsylvania makes its home at the Wharton School of Business， the country"s f irst collegiate business school. The MBA is a two-year program that includes a pre-term retreat and summer internship after the f irst year. After completing core classes that focus on business fundamentals such as strategy and finance， a total of 18 majors are available for emphasis during the second year of study. Majors include marketing， health care management and organizational effectiveness.
生词助读
be confused with 与……混淆
advocate [dvkit] vt. 提倡；主张；拥护
commerce [km(：)s] n. 贸易，商业
theology [θildi] n. 神学；宗教体系
colonial [klunjl] adj. 殖民的；殖民地的
clergy [kl：di] n. 牧师；神职人员
credit [kredit] n. 信用；学分；信任；声望
internship [int：nip] n. 实习生；（美）实习期
fundamental [fndmentl] n. 基本原理；基本原则
中文概述
宾夕法尼亚大学，八所常青藤盟校之一，位于宾夕法尼亚州的费城，是美国一所著名的私立研究型大学。学校创建于1740年，是美国第四古老的高等教育机构。宾夕法尼亚大学是全美真正意义上的第一所大学。本杰明·富兰克林是该校的创始人。1779年，宾夕法尼亚政府才通过立法对学校进行改组，将其正式命名为宾夕法尼亚州立大学，成为全美第一所以"大学（University）"命名的高校。1791年，校名又被缩为宾夕法尼亚大学。
北美洲的第一所医学院，第一所商学院（沃顿商学院）以及第一个学生会组织都诞生于宾夕法尼亚大学。其金融专业和护理专业排名全美第一。沃顿商学院创立于1881年，是美国第一所大学商业管理学院，如今是世界顶级商学院之一。工程与应用科学学院是全美最好的工程学院之一，旗下的莫尔电子工程学院享有国际声誉。1946年，莫尔电子工程学院设计出了世界上第一台全电子数学计算机（ENIAC），开创了计算机的新时代。
该校拥有知名的考古与人类学博物馆，这个博物馆得益于学校著名的考古学系所做出的贡献。博物馆的藏品中有着大量古埃及与中东的文物，同时拥有一批的中国文物，其中包括来自中国某朝代的世界上最大的水晶球。宾夕法尼亚大学的图书馆始建于1750年，最初的藏书来自制图师路易·艾文斯的捐赠。
宾夕法尼亚大学知名校友有威廉·哈里森、艾兹拉·庞德、林徽因、郎咸平等。
梦想成功录
Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
世上无难事，只要肯登攀。
Reading is to the mind while exercise to the body.
读书健脑，运动强身。
Whatever you do， do with all your might.
不管做什么，都要一心一意。